Table 2.
Biomarker Concentrations (Cases vs. Controls)
| Protein Biomarker | Case* (N=273) |
Control (N=273) |
P-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| SAA (ng/mL) | 8581.6 (3395.4,30,009.0) | 4155.0 (2075.4,9336.2) | <0.001 |
| CRP (ng/mL) | 6070.6 (2242.8,18,786.8) | 2521.8 (968.8,6840.6) | <0.001 |
| VCAM-1 (ng/mL) | 471.2 (384.6,590.4) | 400.2 (335.2,469.4) | <0.001 |
| ICAM-1 (ng/mL) | 270.0 (221.4,339.6) | 236.2 (199.8,281.2) | <0.001 |
| Thrombomodulin (ng/mL) | 2.9 (2.4,3.9) | 2.7 (2.2,3.3) | 0.001 |
| ICAM-3 (ng/mL) | 2.8 (2.1,3.6) | 2.5 (2.0,3.1) | 0.002 |
| E-Selectin (ng/mL) | 16.7 (12.6,24.6) | 16.3 (12.5,22.4) | 0.421 |
| P-Selectin (ng/mL) | 83.2 (57.8,119.3) | 75.1 (48.7,110.9) | 0.019 |
| LBP (ng/mL) | 7413.4 (5234.8,11,404.6) | 5898.6 (4581.6,8457.2) | <0.001 |
| MMP-1 (ng/mL) | 20.4 (10.4,36.7) | 17.4 (9.3,28.4) | 0.016 |
| MMP-3 (ng/mL) | 14.3 (8.9,24.7) | 9.6 (6.5,14.5) | <0.001 |
| MMP-9 (ng/mL) | 98.0 (62.3,150.2) | 83.3 (58.1,115.1) | 0.003 |
| TIMP-1 (ng/mL) | 248.7 (190.0,357.0) | 200.7 (159.2,261.8) | <0.001 |
| bFGF (pg/mL) | 47.8 (25.6,71.9) | 36.4 (19.6,65.7) | 0.002 |
| sFlt-1 (pg/mL) | 1371.2 (558.4,4288.9) | 1128.0 (413.8,4956.9) | 0.598 |
| PlGF (pg/mL) | 24.3 (18.0,35.0) | 23.2 (17.2,31.8) | 0.076 |
| VEGF (pg/mL) | 276.5 (182.3,450.0) | 278.1 (159.8,436.8) | 0.429 |
| CK-MB (ng/mL) | 3.8 (2.5,6.1) | 3.3 (2.3,5.5) | 0.025 |
| Myoglobin(ng/mL) | 17.5 (13.8,21.8) | 15.9 (12.7,18.7) | 0.001 |
| TnI (ng/mL) | 0.1 (0.0,0.3) | 0.1 (0.0,0.2) | 0.094 |
| MCP-1 (pg/mL) | 381.1 (303.4,482.8) | 330.9 (270.5,433.1) | 0.001 |
| TNFα (pg/mL) | 2.6 (1.9,3.8) | 2.1 (1.6,2.7) | <0.001 |
| IL-1β (pg/mL) | 0.5 (0.4,0.8) | 0.5 (0.3,0.8) | 0.194 |
| IL-2 (pg/mL) | 1.3 (0.5,2.2) | 1.2 (0.4,2.0) | 0.146 |
| IL-4 (pg/mL) | 1.4 (0.6,2.7) | 1.6 (0.7,2.6) | 0.518 |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 5.8 (3.2,12.0) | 3.2 (1.8,6.4) | <0.001 |
| IL-10 (pg/mL) | 5.2 (3.5,8.7) | 4.7 (3.1,7.5) | 0.044 |
| M-CSF (pg/mL) | 17.9 (11.6,33.0) | 12.0 (8.6,18.0) | <0.001 |
| G-CSF (pg/mL) | 9.9 (6.9,14.7) | 10.1 (7.2,14.2) | 0.875 |
| IL-1α (pg/mL) | 0.0 (0.0,0.0) | 0.0 (0.0,0.0) | 0.657 |
| IL-1ra (pg/mL) | 42.7 (20.1,77.3) | 50.3 (21.6,84.5) | 0.139 |
| IL-18 (pg/mL) | 220.2 (173.2,285.2) | 198.2 (156.2,258.5) | 0.006 |
| OPGN (pg/mL) | 525.2 (395.3,756.7) | 420.9 (320.4,584.9) | <0.001 |
| ApolipoproteinA1 (µg/mL) | 528.4 (449.5,592.4) | 525.2 (463.0,608.8) | 0.346 |
| ApolipoproteinB (µg/mL) | 20.2 (14.4,29.1) | 20.0 (14.0,27.7) | 0.742 |
| ApolipoproteinE (µg/mL) | 37.6 (29.6,48.4) | 36.0 (27.8,47.9) | 0.326 |
| PDGF AA (ng/mL) | 22.3 (13.0,36.4) | 22.4 (12.8,35.4) | 0.911 |
| PDGF AB/BB (ng/mL) | 71.5 (35.6,110.2) | 67.7 (37.0,103.2) | 0.655 |
| RANTES (ng/mL) | 127.6 (67.2,196.0) | 122.9 (74.5,175.1) | 0.697 |
| MPO (ng/mL) | 66.0 (30.5,115.0) | 64.5 (21.9,123.0) | 0.583 |
| Total PAI-1 (ng/mL) | 53.0 (37.5,75.5) | 47.5 (35.0,68.0) | 0.036 |
| sCD40L (pg/mL) | 6414.4 (3387.8,34,833.7) | 5541.5 (2695.8,17,262.2) | 0.019 |
| TNFβ (pg/mL) | 8.8 (4.2,17.0) | 8.0 (4.3,13.5) | 0.445 |
| NT-proBNP (pg/mL) | 417.0 (117.9,1257.3) | 85.2 (15.4,318.3) | <0.001 |
| GH (pg/mL) | 102.5 (35.0,427.0) | 50.0 (20.6,179.0) | <0.001 |
| Fibrinogen (µg/mL) | 3320.6 (2698.8,4001.5) | 2960.5 (2450.2,3597.6) | <0.001 |
| PAPP A (µg/mL) | 0.0 (0.0,0.0) | 0.0 (0.0,0.0) | 0.524 |
| vWF (µg/mL) | 14.5 (7.6,22.6) | 10.0 (4.9,17.5) | <0.001 |
| tPA (pg/mL) | 4035.8 (23,71.3,7314.1) | 3488.8 (2119.8,6456.4) | 0.180 |
| D-Dimer (ng/mL) | 579.9 (355.1,896.8) | 371.6 (252.4,612.4) | <0.001 |
| GDF-15 (pg/mL) | 1545.4 (1052.6,2909.2) | 1017.0 (735.2,1523.1) | <0.001 |
| Lp-PLA2 PLAC® (ng/mL) | 210.9 (176.3,261.4) | 206.3 (179.5,237.0) | 0.220 |
| Lp-PLA2 CAM (nmol/mL/min) | 126.6 (101.8,153.2) | 124.1 (105.1,143.9) | 0.476 |
| IGFBP2 (ng/mL) | 1095.1 (586.7,1787.5) | 532.5 (364.7,1058.2) | <0.001 |
Case refers to patient with a death/MI event.
Data are presented as median (Q1, Q3).
bFGF - basic fibroblast growth factor; CAM - colorimetric activity method; CK-MB -creatine-kinase MB; CRP -C-reactive protein; G-CSF - granulocyte colony-stimulating factor; GDF - growth differentiation factor; GH - growth hormone; ICAM - intercellular adhesion molecule; IGFBP2 -insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2; IL - interleukin; LBP - lipopolysaccharide-binding protein; Lp-PLA2 - lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2; MCP - monocyte chemoattractant protein; MCSF - macrophage colony stimulating factor; MMP - matrix metalloproteinase; MPO -myeloperoxidase; NT-proBNP - N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide; OPGN -osteoprotegerin; PAI - plasminogen activator inhibitor; PAPP -pregnancy-associated plasma protein; PDGF -platelet-derived growth factor; PIGF - placental growth factor; RANTES - regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted; SAA - serum amyloid A; sCD40L - soluble CD40 ligand; sFlt-1 -soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase-1; TIMP - tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase; TNF-α - tumor necrosis factor alpha; TnI - troponin I; tPA - tissue plasminogen activator; VCAM-1 - vascular cell adhesion molecule-1; VEGF - vascular endothelial growth factors; vWF - von Willebrand factor