Table 4.
Median Change From Baseline to Week 4 in CD8+ T-Cell Activation and Proliferation Stratified by High or Low Levels of Preentry CD8+ T-Cell Activation, LPS, or sCD14
| Stratum | Treatment Arm | Subjects, No. | Median Change (IQR) | 95% CI for Median Change | P Value (Between Arms) | P Value (Interaction) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Change in HLA-DR+CD38+ CD8+ T cells from entry to wk 4, % | ||||||
| Strata based on median preentry CD8+ T-cell activation | ||||||
| High | Rifaximin | 23 | −1.00 (−2.32 to 0.96) | −1.95 to .56 | .08 | .049 |
| No study treatment | 8 | 1.45 (−0.57 to 2.23) | −.76 to 7.30 | |||
| Low | Rifaximin | 18 | 0.64 (−0.17 to 1.87) | −.09 to 1.54 | .33 | |
| No study treatment | 13 | 0.27 (−0.08 to 0.65) | −.36 to .96 | |||
| Strata based on median baseline LPS | ||||||
| High | Rifaximin | 25 | −0.63 (−1.91 to 0.80) | −1.91 to .50 | .09 | .58 |
| No study treatment | 8 | 0.86 (0.15 to 1.78) | −.86 to 2.01 | |||
| Low | Rifaximin | 18 | 0.27 (−0.70 to 1.21) | −.70 to .81 | .25 | |
| No study treatment | 14 | 0.64 (−0.30 to 1.47) | −.30 to 1.97 | |||
| Strata based on median baseline sCD14 | ||||||
| High | Rifaximin | 23 | −0.08 (−1.91 to 0.80) | −1.20 to .33 | .11 | .85 |
| No study treatment | 10 | 0.56 (0.11 to 0.80) | −.06 to 1.13 | |||
| Low | Rifaximin | 20 | 0.13 (−1.66 to 1.28) | −1.83 to 1.25 | .16 | |
| No study treatment | 12 | 1.31 (−0.56 to 2.30) | −.48 to 2.92 | |||
| Change in Ki-67+ CD8+ T cells from baseline to wk 4, % | ||||||
| Strata based on median preentry CD8+ T-cell activation | ||||||
| High | Rifaximin | 23 | −0.18 (−0.50 to 0.04) | −.55 to −.07 | .009 | .10 |
| No study treatment | 8 | 0.24 (−0.08 to 0.27) | −.25 to 1.42 | |||
| Low | Rifaximin | 18 | 0.00 (−0.13 to 0.27) | −.13 to .18 | .68 | |
| No study treatment | 13 | 0.09 (−0.07 to 0.23) | −.11 to .23 | |||
| Strata based on median baseline LPS | ||||||
| High | Rifaximin | 25 | −0.13 (−0.28 to 0.06) | −.31 to −.01 | .081 | .67 |
| No study treatment | 8 | 0.25 (−0.09 to 0.27) | −.22 to .28 | |||
| Low | Rifaximin | 18 | 0.00 (−0.17 to 0.13) | −.30 to .12 | .18 | |
| No study treatment | 14 | 0.10 (−0.07 to 0.26) | −.06 to .44 | |||
| Strata based on median baseline sCD14 | ||||||
| High | Rifaximin | 23 | −0.13 (−0.27 to 0.14) | −.21 to .03 | .04 | .60 |
| No study treatment | 10 | 0.12 (0.00 to 0.27) | −.22 to .36 | |||
| Low | Rifaximin | 20 | −0.03 (−0.37 to 0.09) | −.49 to .08 | .16 | |
| No study treatment | 12 | 0.16 (−0.17 to 0.27) | −.15 to .43 | |||
Abbreviations: CRP, C-reactive protein; IQR, interquartile range; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; sCD14, soluble CD14.