Table 3.
Comparison of markers of insulin resistance and oxidative stress in obese individuals before and after concurrent training.
| CT1 | CT2 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Before | After | P | Before | After | P | |
| Insulin resistance markers | ||||||
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 96.50 ± 3.85 | 85.66 ± 4.13 | 0.096 | 100.96 ± 3.76 | 85.69 ± 4.13 | 0.001 |
| Fasting insulin (uUI/mL) | 10.54 ± 0.84 | 14.29 ± 0.77 | 0.002 | 9.55 ± 0.77 | 8.54 ± 0.64 | 0.293 |
| HOMA-IR | 2.56 ± 0.26 | 3.77 ± 0.35 | 0.005 | 2.34 ± 0.56 | 1.79 ± 0.52 | 0.009 |
| Oxidative stress markers | ||||||
| TBARS (nmol/mL) | 3.69 ± 0.31 | 3.69 ± 0.11 | 0.987 | 4.70 ± 0.17 | 6.35 ± 0.049 | 0.015 |
| Carbonyl (nmol DNPH/mg) | 116.36 ± 18.36 | 34.45 ± 7.46 | 0.012 | 24.96 ± 9.67 | 24.39 ± 8.57 | 0.965 |
| Sulfhydryl (µM/mg) | 11.83 ± 11.03 | 9.03 ± 1.23 | 0.145 | 5.20 ± 1.04 | 4.09 ± 0.41 | 0.169 |
| CAT (UCAT/mg) | 2.79 ± 0.66 | 4.73 ± 1.24 | 0.281 | 3.26 ± 0.63 | 1.83 ± 0.28 | 0.074 |
| SOD (USOD/mg | 1.85 ± 0.50 | 2.40 ± 0.86 | 0.667 | 1.29 ± 0.46 | 3.07 ± 1.38 | 0.235 |
| GPx (UGPx/mg) | 3.86 ± 0.40 | 3.37 ± 0.37 | <0.001 | 4.57 ± 0.45 | 4.22 ± 0.42 | 0.002 |
Variables presented as mean ± standard error. CT1: concurrent training 5 times per week; CT2: concurrent training 3 times per week. HOMA-IR: homeostasis model of insulin resistance; TBARS: thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; CAT: catalase activity; SOD: superoxide dismutase activity; GPx: glutathione peroxidase activity.
P < 0.05 (significantly different). Paired t-test was utilized to compare before and after training in the same group.