Fig. 2.

Intraoperative and ex vivo NIR fluorescence imaging of primary and metastatic paragangliomas: (A) Intraoperative NIR fluorescence imaging of the surgical field. A bright, patchy fluorescent signal was identified at the location of the tumor (dashed circle). A second, small, lesion located approximately 5 cm cranial to the main lesion, was also identified using NIR fluorescence imaging (arrow). (B) Ex vivo (T = 45 min) imaging of the resection specimens. Fluorescent signal was seen in the large (dashed circle) and small lesion (arrow). A weaker fluorescent intensity was seen than in vivo, because fluorescent signal decreased over time during surgery. (C) Ex vivo imaging of the bisected main lesion. Bright fluorescent signal was seen throughout the paraganglioma (dashed circle).