Table 1.
Maternal and Neonatal Characteristicsa
| Duration of Cooling, No. (%) | Depth of Cooling, No. (%) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 72 h (n = 185) | 120 h (n = 179) | 33.5°C (n = 191) | 32.0°C (n = 173) | |
| Maternal | ||||
| Raceb | ||||
| Black | 57 (31) | 57 (33) | 61 (32) | 53 (31) |
| White | 116 (63) | 103 (59) | 115 (61) | 104 (62) |
| Otherb | 11 (6) | 14 (8) | 13 (7) | 12 (7) |
| Maternal age, mean (SD), y | 27.9 (6.7) | 27.9 (6.9) | 28.3 (6.5) | 27.4 (7.1) |
| Married | 95 (52) | 91 (51) | 102 (54) | 84 (49) |
| Gravida, median (IQR) | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) |
| Parity, median (IQR) | 1 (1–2) | 1 (1–3) | 1 (1–3) | 1 (1–2) |
| Pregnancy complications | ||||
| Chronic hypertension | 37 (20) | 36 (20) | 35 (18) | 38 (22) |
| Antepartum hemorrhage | 23 (13) | 17 (10) | 21 (11) | 19 (11) |
| Thyroid dysfunction | 11 (6) | 3 (2) | 6 (3) | 8 (5) |
| Diabetes | 21 (11) | 25 (14) | 22 (12) | 24 (14) |
| Intrapartum complications | ||||
| Fetal decelerations | 142 (77) | 140 (80) | 149 (79) | 133 (77) |
| Cord prolapse, rupture, compression | 27 (15) | 22 (12) | 29 (15) | 20 (12) |
| Uterine rupture | 11 (6) | 11 (6) | 9 (5) | 13 (8) |
| Maternal pyrexia (≥37.6°C) | 23 (13) | 18 (10) | 17 (9) | 24 (14) |
| Shoulder dystocia | 14 (8) | 15 (8) | 14 (7) | 15 (9) |
| Maternal hemorrhage | 27 (15) | 28 (16) | 30 (16) | 25 (14) |
| Rupture of membranes (spontaneous or induced) | ||||
| No rupture | 46 (26) | 51 (30) | 56 (30) | 41 (25) |
| ≤18h | 116 (64) | 100 (58) | 112 (60) | 104 (63) |
| >18 h | 18 (10) | 20 (12) | 18 (10) | 20 (12) |
| Rupture of membranes, h | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 11.8 (20.4) | 10.5 (16.4) | 11.4 (17.6) | 10.9 (19.5) |
| Median (IQR) | 7.6 (2.5–14.7) | 5.9 (2.0–13.7) | 6.4 (2.4–14.1) | 7.3 (1.6–14.6) |
| Emergency cesarean delivery | 117 (63) | 114 (64) | 119 (62) | 112 (65) |
| Neonatal | ||||
| Age at randomization, h | 5.0 (1.1) | 4.9 (1.4) | 4.9 (1.1) | 4.9 (1.4) |
| Transferred from birth hospital | 119 (64) | 115 (64) | 124 (65) | 110 (64) |
| Male | 105 (57) | 107 (60) | 103 (54) | 109 (63) |
| Apgarscore ≤5 | ||||
| 5 min after birth | 155 (84) | 151 (85) | 162 (85) | 144 (84) |
| 10 min after birth | 107 (66) | 116 (72) | 115 (70) | 108 (68) |
| Birth weight, g | 3293 (538) | 3427 (651) | 3292 (608) | 3432 (582) |
| Length, cm | 50.5 (2.9) | 50.8 (3.1) | 50.5 (2.9) | 50.8 (3.1) |
| Head circumference, cm | 34.0 (1.9) | 34.3 (1.7) | 34.0 (1.6) | 34.2 (2.0) |
| Intubation in delivery room | 143 (77) | 143 (80) | 152 (80) | 134 (78) |
| Continued resuscitation at 10 min | 155 (84) | 160 (90) | 168 (88) | 147 (85) |
| Time to spontaneous respiration >10 min | 72 (41) | 78 (47) | 83 (47) | 67 (41) |
| Cord blood | ||||
| pH | 6.94 (0.2) | 6.95 (0.2) | 6.94 (0.2) | 6.95 (0.2) |
| Base deficit | 16.2 (7.8) | 15.9 (6.7) | 16.1 (7.5) | 16.0 (7.0) |
| Seizuresc | 48 (26) | 57 (32) | 58 (30) | 47 (27) |
| Moderate encephalopathy | 144 (78) | 136 (76) | 152 (80) | 128 (74) |
| Severe encephalopathy | 41 (22) | 43 (24) | 39 (20) | 45 (26) |
| Inotropic supportc | 42 (23) | 34 (19) | 35 (18) | 41 (24) |
| Anticonvulsantsc | 32 (19) | 25 (17) | 31 (19) | 26 (17) |
Abbreviation: IQR, interquartile range.
a
Percentages are based on the number of mothers or neonates for whom data were available. Because of rounding, not all percentages sum to 100.
b
Other race includes American Indian or Alaskan Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, and multiracial.
c
Data are for this characteristic at the time of randomization.