Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of the validation cohorts (ARCOS, RUSSIA and ROTTERDAM) and which variables are required for each of the three risk score algorithms being assessed
| Algorithm | Variables | Data set | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ARCOS (n = 410) | RUSSIA (n = 1378) | ROTTERDAM (n = 7713) | ||||||
| Males | Females | Males | Females | Males | Females | |||
| F, R, Q | Age (years) | 68·8 (13·2) | 72·4 (15·7) | 50·3 (6·2) | 50·6 (6·4) | 69·0 (8·7) | 71·7 (10·2) | |
| F, R, Q | SBP (mmHg) | Mean (SD) | 156·8 (30·1) | 157·3 (29·9) | 135·8 (19·4) | 130·8 (21·1) | 138·7 (21·8) | 140·0 (22·8) |
| R | Waist-to-hip ratio | 0·9 (0·1) | 0·9 (0·1) | |||||
| F, R, Q | BMI (kg/m2) | 27·8 (4·3) | 27·5 (5·4) | 25·6 (2·9) | 26·7 (3·7) | |||
| R | Waist circumference (cm) | 97·2 (15·9) | 99·3 (14·5) | |||||
| Categories | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stroke Event | 216 (100%) | 194 (100%) | 21 (4·4%) | 24 (2·7%) | 268 (8·6%) | 407 (8·3%) | ||
| F, R, Q | Anti-hypertensive medication | 172 (79·6%) | 154 (79·4%) | 162 (33·8%) | 321 (35·8%) | 915 (29·5%) | 1728 (35·5%) | |
| F, R | Diabetes | 42 (19·8%) | 39 (20·3%) | 21 (4·4%) | 43 (4·8%) | 184 (6·1%) | 331 (7·1%) | |
| F, R, Q | Atrial Fibrillation | 59 (27·3%) | 87 (44·9%) | 47 (9·8%) | 69 (7·7%) | 170 (5·5%) | 208 (5·1%) | |
| F, R, Q | Left ventricular hypertrophy | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 101 (26·8%) | 130 (19·2%) | 144 (4·8%) | 194 (4·9%) | |
| F, R, Q | History of CVD | 100 (46·5%) | 93 (47·9%) | 57 (11·9%) | 95 (10·6%) | 752 (24·2%) | 903 (18·5%) | |
| R | Previous stroke or TIA | 66 (30·6%) | 62 (32·0%) | 33 (6·9%) | 33 (3·7%) | 407 (13·1%) | 704 (14·4%) | |
| Q | Rheumatoid arthritis | 26 (2·4%) | 92 (4·7%) | |||||
| Q | Chronic kidney disease | 339 (16·8%) | 661 (20·3%) | |||||
| Q | Chronic coronary heart failure | 22 (10·4%) | 21 (11·0%) | |||||
| R | Cognitive problems or dementia | 114 (3·9%) | 368 (8·0%) | |||||
| R | Poor memory | 586 (19·2%) | 1010 (21·6%) | |||||
| R | Previous TBI | 1071 (35·3%) | 1270 (27·4%) | |||||
| F, R, Q | Family history of stroke/heart attack | 133 (61·6%) | 112 (57·8%) | 240 (49·9%) | 492 (54·9%) | 1548 (49·9%) | 2523 (51·7%) | |
| R, Q | Non-European | 46 (21·3%) | 46 (23·7%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 40 (1·4%) | 56 (1·3%) | |
| R, Q | Race-ethnicity | European | 170 (78·7%) | 148 (76·3%) | 481 (100%) | 897 (100%) | 2846 (98·6%) | 4281 (98·7%) |
| Maori | 5 (2·3%) | 10 (5·2%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| Pacific | 9 (4·2%) | 20 (10·3%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| Chinese | 7 (3·2%) | 4 (2·1%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| South Asian | 8 (3·7%) | 3 (1·6%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| Other | 17 (7·9%) | 9 (4·6%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 40 (1·4%) | 56 (1·3%) | ||
| R | Poor diet | 102 (47·2%) | 104 (53·6%) | 1362 (62·2%) | 1808 (56·7%) | |||
| R | Low physical activity | 176 (81·5%) | 154 (79·4%) | 224 (46·7%) | 430 (47·9%) | |||
| R | High alcohol consumption | 118 (54·6%) | 104 (53·6%) | 106 (22·0%) | 14 (1·6%) | |||
| R | Experienced stress | 52 (24·1%) | 39 (20·1%) | 141 (29·5%) | 470 (52·8%) | |||
| F, R | Smoking | Yes | 114 (52·8%) | 88 (45·4%) | 202 (42·0%) | 137 (15·3%) | 920 (29·63%) | 805 (16·50%) |
| Q | Smoking status | Ex-Smoker/Light | 77 (35·8%) | 69 (36·1%) | 117 (24·3%) | 82 (9·1%) | 2058 (66·28%) | 1503 (30·81%) |
| Current-Smoker/Moderate | 34 (15·8%) | 17 (8·9%) | 18 (3·7%) | 9 (1·0%) | 294 (9·47%) | 318 (6·52%) | ||
| /Heavy | 202 (42·0%) | 137 (15·3%) | 270 (8·69%) | 216 (4·43%) |
Important new variables required for the Stroke Riskometer™ algorithm but were not present in the data set assessed are represented by shaded grey boxes.
F, Framingham Stroke Risk Score (FSRS), R, Stroke Riskometer™, Q, Qstroke.