In vivo efficacy of DMXAA in an HBV hydrodynamic mouse model. Seven days after hydrodynamic injection of HBV 1.3mer plasmid, mice were treated with a single dose of either DMXAA at 25 mg/kg or the vehicle by intraperitoneal injection. (A) At 24 h posttreatment, HBV core DNA was extracted from their livers and analyzed by a real-time PCR assay. Ten mice were included in the control group, and nine mice were included in the treatment group. Plots represent numbers of HBV DNA copies/ml from each animal after subtraction of the input plasmid copy number. (B and C) Total RNA was extracted from livers, and levels of OAS1b and viperin mRNAs were analyzed by real-time RT-PCR assay. Plots represent the mRNA levels of each animal. All of the data are presented in box plots showing medians, interquartiles, and ranges (minimum and maximum values) and were statistically analyzed by Student's t test (P < 0.05).