Primary screening of hydroxytropolones against HBV RNaseH. (A) Oligonucleotide-directed RNA cleavage assay. Reaction products were resolved by denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and detected by autoradiography. Gray line, 32P-labeled RNA; black line, DNA oligonucleotide; S, substrate; P1, product 1; P2, product 2. (B) Examples of primary screening assays against HBV genotype C and D RNaseH enzymes. DMSO, vehicle control; +, complementary oligo, −, inclusion of a non-complementary DNA oligonucleotide as a specificity control.