TABLE 2.
Summary of logistic regression analyses of factors associated with inappropriate continued use of empirical vancomycin beyond 96 h
| Factor | Univariate analysisa |
Multivariate analysis |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | P | aOR (95% CI) | P | |
| Age (per 10-yr increase) | 0.92 (0.81–1.03) | 0.14 | ||
| Gender | ||||
| Female | 1.00 | |||
| Male | 1.20 (0.83–1.74) | 0.34 | ||
| Comorbidities | ||||
| None | 1.00 | |||
| Diabetic mellitus | 0.78 (0.51–1.21) | 0.27 | ||
| Chronic liver disease | 0.60 (0.38–0.93) | 0.02 | ||
| Chronic lung disease | 1.30 (0.57–2.95) | 0.54 | ||
| Congestive heart failure or myocardial infarction | 0.64 (0.35–1.18) | 0.15 | ||
| Cerebrovascular disease | 1.40 (0.77–2.53) | 0.27 | ||
| Solid malignancy | 0.86 (0.59–1.25) | 0.42 | ||
| Hematological malignancy | 1.18 (0.73–1.89) | 0.50 | ||
| Any malignancyb | 0.98 (0.68–1.42) | 0.90 | ||
| Connective tissue disease | 0.52 (0.23–1.19) | 0.12 | ||
| Azotemia | 0.49 (0.32–0.74) | <0.001 | ||
| Neutropenia | 1.18 (0.72–1.93) | 0.52 | ||
| Any prostheses or devices | 0.68 (0.47–0.99) | 0.04 | 0.68 (0.46–1.01) | 0.053 |
| Suspected site of infection | ||||
| Pneumonia | 1.06 (0.66–1.71) | 0.80 | ||
| Intraabdominal infection | 0.53 (0.33–0.86) | 0.01 | ||
| CNS infection | 3.23 (1.72–6.09) | <0.001 | 2.33 (1.20–4.50) | 0.012 |
| Skin and soft tissue infection | 1.45 (0.79–2.65) | 0.23 | ||
| Cardiovascular infection | 0.81 (0.42–1.57) | 0.54 | ||
| Catheter-related infection | 1.05 (0.48–2.27) | 0.91 | ||
| Bone and joint infection | 0.92 (0.42–2.04) | 0.85 | ||
| Urinary tract infection | 0.42 (0.07–2.55) | 0.38 | ||
| Unknown | 0.59 (0.35–0.99) | 0.41 | ||
| Admission department | 0.04 | |||
| Medical department | 1.00 | |||
| Surgical department | 1.76 (1.15–2.70) | 0.01 | ||
| Ward | ||||
| General ward | 1.00 | |||
| ICU | 0.96 (0.61–1.51) | 0.85 | ||
| Severity of the infection | ||||
| None | 1.00 | |||
| Septic shock | 0.26 (0.11–0.65) | <0.001 | ||
| Severity scores | ||||
| Charlson's score | 0.89 (0.84–0.95) | <0.001 | 0.90 (0.85–0.97) | 0.004 |
| APACHE II score | 1.01 (0.97–1.05) | 0.70 | ||
| SAPS II score | 1.00 (0.97–1.02) | 0.82 | ||
| Prior antibiotic therapy within 30 days | ||||
| None | 1.00 | |||
| Prior antibiotic therapy | 1.41 (0.71–2.81) | 0.32 | ||
| Infectious disease specialist consultation | ||||
| Consultation with specialist | 1.00 | |||
| No consultation with specialist | 1.14 (0.78–1.66) | 0.50 | ||
| Microbiological testing | ||||
| None | 1.00 | |||
| Cultures performed | 1.00 (0.38–2.62) | 1.00 | ||
| Results of microbiological tests | ||||
| Documented etiological organism | 1.00 | |||
| Undocumented | 1.65 (1.11–2.46) | 0.01 | 1.60 (1.06–2.41) | 0.027 |
a
OR, odds ratio; aOR, adjusted odds ratio.
b
Includes both solid malignancies and hematological malignancies.