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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Health Commun. 2014 Sep 10;30(5):521–524. doi: 10.1080/10410236.2014.902008

TABLE 1.

Participant characteristics

Disidentify With Targeted Crowd (n = 18) Neutral Toward Targeted Crowd (n = 166) Identify With Targeted Crowd (n = 57) Total (N = 241)
Age
 13 years old 33.3% 35.5% 35.1% 35.3%
 14 years old 38.9% 39.8% 24.6% 36.1%
 15 years old 27.8% 24.7% 40.4% 28.6%
Ethnicitya
 American Indian or Alaskan Native 0.0% 1.2% 0.0% 0.8%
 Asian 22.2% 5.4% 1.8% 5.8%
 Black or African American 11.1% 11.4% 8.8% 10.8%
 Hispanic or Latino 11.1% 12.0% 12.3% 12.0%
 Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 0.0% 0.6% 0.0% .4%
 White 55.6% 67.5% 73.7% 68.0%
 Other 0.0% 1.8% 3.5% 2.1%
Female 55.6% 50.0% 43.9% 49.0%
Ever tried smoking 27.8% 20.5% 29.8% 23.2%
Susceptible to smoking (pretest value)b 44.4% 28.3% 38.6% 32.0%
Susceptible to smoking (posttest value)b 55.6% 21.7% 15.8% 22.8%
Attitude toward smoking (pretest mean and SD)c 7.01 (2.56) 8.08 (1.80) 8.35 (1.67) 8.07 (1.86)
Attitude toward smoking (posttest mean and SD)c 6.74 (2.19) 8.54 (1.82) 8.68 (1.68) 8.44 (1.88)

Note. All values are unadjusted.

a

Cells may not add to 100% because participants could select multiple ethnicities.

b

Among 185 participants who had never tried smoking.

c

Scores range from 1 to 10; higher values indicate stronger antismoking attitudes.