Table II.
Mean (standard deviation) values for bone density, body mass index, and motor performance, and percentage with scores < −1.5 and < −2.0 standard deviations among children with newly diagnosed ALL
| Measure | Children with ALL (N=109) | Age- and sex-specific expected value | < −1.5 SD | < −2.0 SD | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SE of Mean | Mean | SE of Mean | p-value | % | [95% CI] | % | [95% CI] | |
| BMDL1-L4(g/cm2)* Site 1 and 3 |
−0.45 | 0.17 | 0.00 | 0.14 | 0.01 | 19.0 | [8.6–34.1] | 11.9 | [4.0–25.6] |
| Site 2 and 4 | −0.60 | 0.16 | 0.00 | 0.15 | <0.001 | 18.6 | [8.4–33.4] | 14.0 | [5.3–27.9] |
| BMI percentile | 57.6 | 3.15 | 50.0 | 3.27 | 0.02 | 0.0 | [0.0–3.3] | 0.0 | [0.0–3.3] |
| Active ankle dorsiflexion (°) | |||||||||
| Right | 13.6 | 0.7 | 13.0 | 0.5 | 0.47 | 13.9 | [8–21.9] | 7.4 | [3.3–14.1] |
| Left | 12.2 | 0.8 | 13.0 | 0.5 | 0.33 | 19.4 | [12.5–28.2] | 8.3 | [3.9–15.2] |
| Both | 12.9 | 0.7 | 13.0 | 0.5 | 0.88 | 14.8 | [8.7–22.9] | 8.3 | [3.9–15.2] |
| Passive ankle dorsiflexion (°) | |||||||||
| Right | 18.6 | 0.8 | 19.7 | 0.6 | 0.18 | 10.3 | [5.2–17.7] | 5.6 | [2.1–11.8] |
| Left | 17.3 | 0.8 | 19.7 | 0.6 | 0.01 | 17.8 | [11–26.3] | 11.2 | [5.9–18.8] |
| Both | 18.0 | 0.8 | 19.7 | 0.6 | 0.03 | 13.1 | [7.3–21] | 8.4 | [3.9–15.4] |
| Knee extension strength (N) | |||||||||
| Right | 205.1 | 8.4 | 236.1 | 5.4 | <0.01 | 36.4 | [26.9–46.6] | 30.3 | [21.5–40.4] |
| Left | 198.6 | 8.4 | 236.1 | 5.4 | <001 | 43.4 | [33.5–53.8] | 34.3 | [25.1–44.6] |
| Both | 201.9 | 8.3 | 236.1 | 5.4 | <0.01 | 37.4 | [27.9–47.7] | 30.3 | [21.5–40.4] |
| Ankle dorsiflexion strength (N) | |||||||||
| Right | 165.5 | 7.5 | 161.2 | 3.4 | 0.25 | 25.3 | [17.1–35] | 13.1 | [7.2–21.4] |
| Left | 163.1 | 7.1 | 161.2 | 3.4 | 0.52 | 19.2 | [12–28.3] | 14.1 | [8–22.6] |
| Both | 164.3 | 7.2 | 161.2 | 3.4 | 0.36 | 22.2 | [14.5–31.7] | 14.1 | [8–22.6] |
| Hand grip strength (kg) | |||||||||
| Right | 17.5 | 0.8 | 19.1 | 0.4 | 0.01 | 30.5 | [21.9–40.2] | 21.0 | [13.6–30] |
| Left | 15.9 | 0.8 | 19.1 | 0.4 | <001 | 38.1 | [28.8–48.1] | 26.7 | [18.5–36.2] |
| Both | 16.7 | 0.8 | 19.1 | 0.4 | <001 | 35.2 | [26.2–45.2] | 22.9 | [15.2–32.1] |
| BOTSF-2 | |||||||||
| Percentile rank | 23.2 | 2.5 | 50.0 | 3.4 | <0.01 | 33.3 | [24.3–43.4] | 14.7 | [8.5–23.1] |
| Six minute walk distance (m) | 385.0 | 13.1 | 628.2 | 7.1 | <001 | 89.0 | [80.7–94.6] | 79.1 | [69.3–86.9] |
SE=Standard Error, BMD L1-L4=Average bone mineral density of the first through the fourth lumbar vertebrae adjusted for height Z-score, BMI=body mass index, SD=Standard Deviation, CI=Confidence Interval, BOTSF-2=Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency Short Form (version 2.0), g/cm2=grams per centimeter squared, °=degrees, N=Newtons, kg=kilograms, m-meters
*
Expected values also specific to race for BMD