Table 2.
Demographic, clinical and laboratory test characteristics of pregnant women infected with HIV 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
| HIV+(N = 25) | HIV-(N = 307) | AOR (95% CI) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic Characteristics | ||||
| Age in years, mean ± SD | 29.4 ± 7.2 | 28.5 ± 6.0 | 0.6 | |
| <20 | 20 (6.7%) | 1 (4.0%) | ||
| 20–24 | 68 (22.3%) | 7 (28.0%) | 0.6 | |
| > = 25 | 217 (71.0%) | 17 (68.0%) | ||
| LBW (<2500gr) | 12 (48.0%) | 106 (34.6%) | 0.2 | |
| Single women as parents of soldiers, (%) | 4 (16.0%) | 273 (10.8%) | 3.5 (1.1-11.2) | 0.04 |
| Occupation, (%) | ||||
| Housewives without income | 21 (84.0%) | 273 (89.2%) | 0.4 | |
| Number of previous pregnancies, (%) | ||||
| Primigravidae | 6 (24.0%) | 71 (23.3%) | ||
| Multigravidae | 19 (76.0%) | 234 (76.7%) | 0.9 | |
| Number of children, (%) | ||||
| <3 | 16 (64.0%) | 166 (55.5%) | 0.4 | |
| > = 3 | 9 (36.0%) | 133 (44.5%) | ||
| Number of abortion, (%) | ||||
| No abortion | 10 (40.0%) | 87 (28.3%) | ||
| Abortion | 15 (60.0%) | 220 (71.7%) | 0.2 | |
| Trimester of visit, (%) | ||||
| First-trimester | 12 (48.0%) | 151 (49.2%) | ||
| Second-trimester | 8 (32.0%) | 80 (26.1%) | 0.7 | |
| Third-trimester | 5 (6.2%) | 76 (24.8%) | ||
| District of Kinshasa, (%) | ||||
| Rural for Lukunga | 4 (16.0%) | 88 (28.7%) | 1 | |
| Semi-urban for Amba | 4 (16.0%) | 17 (5.5%) | 10.6 (1.8-62.7) | |
| Urban for Funa | 17 (68.0%) | 202 (65.8%) | 2.9 (0.8-10.6) | 0.03 |
| Examination findings | ||||
| Fever, (%) | 20 (80.0%) | 5 (34.0%) | 9.4 (2.9-30.0) | <0.001 |
| Body aches, (%) | 1 (4.0%) | 37 (12.1%) | 0.3 | |
| Headaches, (%) | 5 (10.2%) | 20 (7.1%) | 0.4 | |
| Digestive disorders, (%) | 2 (8.0%) | 33 (10.8%) | 0.7 | |
| Nausea and vomiting, (%) | 2 (8.0%) | 23 (7.5%) | 0.9 | |
| Respiratory infection, (%) | 12 (48.0%) | 120 (39.1%) | 0.4 | |
| Bleeding, (%) | 0 | 23 (7.5%) | 0.2 | |
| Placenta previa, (%) | 3 (12.0%) | 27 (8.8%) | 11.9 (1.4-104.5) | <0.0001 |
| Urinary tract infection, (%) | 14 (56.0%) | 208 (67.8%) | 0.2 | |
| Laboratory tests | ||||
| Haemoglobin (g/dL), mean ± SD | 11.8 ± 4.8 | 13.8 ± 4.4 | 0.04 | |
| Anaemia (haemoglobin < 11 g/dL), %4 | 16 (64.0%) | 92 (30.0%) | 4.1 (1.6-10.8) | <0.001 |
1IQR = interquartile range; SD = standard deviation. 2 To compare HIV+ and HIV-, Pearson chi-square tests and Fisher’s exact test were used to compare proportions, ttest and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare continuous variables. 3 Sample sizes reported in this table and used for estimation of proportions include subjects with outcome missing. 4Factors included in the logistic regression model were: district of residence, marital status, occupation, fever, placenta previa and anaemia. 5All P-values were estimated through Wald tests in adjusted logistic regression models. The model included both HIV-infected and uninfected pregnant women, adjusting for other predictors.