Table 3.

Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of mismatch negativity (MMN) amplitude.

MMN amplitude
Effect	F	p-Value
Group	5.54	0.02
Deviant type (duration = frequency > intensity > double-deviant)	12.57	<0.001
Deviant type × group	0.13	0.95
Anterior/posterior lead (central > frontal)	20.44	<0.001
Anterior/posterior × group	0.04	0.85
Lateral lead (left > midline = right)	9.81	0.001
Lateral × group	0.36	0.65
Deviant type × anterior/posterior	3.30	0.02
Anterior/posterior (duration) (central > frontal)	4.69	0.04
Anterior/posterior (frequency) (central > frontal)	19.32	<0.001
Anterior/posterior (intensity) (central > frontal)	21.92	<0.001
Anterior/posterior (double-deviant) (central > frontal)	12.36	0.001
Deviant type × anterior/posterior × group	1.14	0.33
Deviant type × lateral	2.58	0.03
Lateral (duration) (left > midline = right)	10.78	<0.001
Lateral (frequency)	2.62	0.10
Lateral (intensity) (left > midline = right)	5.65	0.006
Lateral (double-deviant) (left > right)	4.95	0.01
Deviant type × lateral × group	0.92	0.47
Anterior/posterior × lateral	4.76	0.02
Anterior/posterior (left lead) (C3 > F3)	11.46	0.00
Anterior/posterior (midline lead) (Cz > Fz)	18.76	<0.001
Anterior/posterior (right sites) (C4 > F4)	29.17	<0.001
Anterior/posterior × lateral × group	0.98	0.37
Deviant type × anterior/posterior × lateral	1.33	0.26
Deviant type × anterior/posterior × lateral × group	1.07	0.37

Note: Larger MMN is more negative, or smaller absolute voltage.