Table 5.

Multivariate analyses of factors associated with MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio in non-COPD and COPD, respectively

	Non-COPD		COPD
	Beta	P-value	Beta	P-value
Sex (female†)	0.021	0.534	−0.007	0.856
Age‡	−0.065	0.051	−0.075	0.071
Productive cough (no prc†)	−0.009	0.796	0.036	0.400
Pack years‡	0.088	0.010	0.095	0.027
FEV1% pred‡	−0.020	0.553	−0.084	0.051

^†reference value, ^‡continuous variable. Significant p-values, p < 0.050, in bold.