FIG 3.

Kupffer cells mediate the negative effect of natural antibodies on liver transduction. C57BL/6 mice and Ptpn6f/f;CD19^cre/+ mice (high IgM) were injected with clodronate liposomes via the tail vein to deplete KCs as previously described (28). Control mice were injected with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). The next day, mice were injected i.v. with 4.0 × 10¹¹ vp/kg of AdCMV-Luc. Liver transduction was assayed at 72 h. Groups that do not share the same letter (a, b, and so on) are significantly different from each other (P ≤ 0.05; ANOVA and Holm-Sidak post hoc test, n = 5 or 6 per group). Error bars represent SD.