TABLE 5.
Estimated Marginal Means Infant Neurobehavior Scores (NNNS)
| Methadone Condition | Buprenorphine Condition | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Total
M(SE) |
Day 3
M(SE) |
Day 5
M(SE) |
Day 7
M(SE) |
Day 10
M(SE) |
Day 15
M(SE) |
Day 30
M(SE) |
Total
M(SE) |
Day 3
M(SE) |
Day 5
M(SE) |
Day 7
M(SE) |
Day 10
M(SE) |
Day 15
M(SE) |
Day 30
M(SE) |
|
| Attention | 5.57 (0.16) | 4.84 (0.34) | 4.75 (0.31) | 5.19 (0.34) | 5.58 (0.27) | 6.36 (0.27) | 6.71 (0.33) | 5.54 (0.14) | 5.14 (0.37) | 4.83 (0.30) | 5.20 (0.28) | 5.66 (0.24) | 5.88 (0.23) | 6.52 (0.32) |
| Quality of Movement | 4.38 (0.07) | 3.67 (0.16) | 4.07 (0.13) | 4.26 (0.13) | 4.53 (0.12) | 4.75 (0.13) | 5.00 (0.12) | 4.44 (0.06) | 3.85 (0.16) | 4.10 (0.13) | 4.52 (0.13) | 4.72 (0.11) | 4.61 (0.12) | 4.82 (0.12) |
| Self-Regulation | 5.28 (0.11) | 4.70 (0.19) | 4.96 (0.23) | 5.05 (0.20) | 5.27 (0.20) | 5.61 (0.25) | 6.09 (0.23) | 5.54 (0.10) | 4.95 (0.20) | 5.04 (0.23) | 5.63 (0.19) | 5.82 (0.19) | 5.92 (0.23) | 5.87 (0.23) |
| Non-Optimal Reflexes | 4.16 (0.24) | 4.97 (0.48) | 4.39 (0.53) | 4.35 (0.45) | 3.65 (0.39) | 3.98 (0.52) | 3.61 (0.40) | 3.81 (0.21) | 3.65 (0.49) | 3.96 (0.53) | 3.90 (0.43) | 3.48 (0.38) | 3.85 (0.48) | 3.98 (0.41) |
| Asymmetrical Reflexes | 0.71 (0.09) | 0.69 (0.21) | 0.63 (0.17) | 0.70 (0.18) | 0.76 (0.17) | 0.64 (0.14) | 0.86 (0.23) | 0.52 (0.08) | 0.91 (0.22) | 0.44 (0.17) | 0.50 (0.18) | 0.55 (0.17) | 0.37 (0.13) | 0.37 (0.24) |
| Stress-Abst Signs TOT. | 0.29 (0.04) | 0.22 (0.06) | 0.32 (0.06) | 0.28 (0.07) | 0.33 (0.07) | 0.29 (0.08) | 0.29 (0.08) | 0.14 (0.03) | 0.21 (0.07) | 0.17 (0.06) | 0.15 (0.06) | 0.12 (0.07) | 0.12 (0.07) | 0.07 (0.09) |
| Handling | 0.69 (0.04) | 0.73 (0.07) | 0.86 (0.08) | 0.66 (0.08) | 0.71 (0.08) | 0.66 (0.08) | 0.54 (0.09) | 0.54 (0.04) | 0.70 (0.06) | 0.63 (0.08) | 0.54 (0.08) | 0.56 (0.07) | 0.52 (0.08) | 0.28 (0.09) |
| Arousal | 4.35 (0.09) | 4.34 (0.17) | 4.54 (0.17) | 4.60 (0.19) | 4.53 (0.23) | 4.17 (0.17) | 3.92 (0.15) | 4.05 (0.08) | 4.53 (0.18) | 4.42 (0.17) | 3.85 (0.18) | 3.91 (0.23) | 3.90 (0.16) | 3.70 (0.15) |
| Excitability | 4.23 (0.32) | 5.30 (0.65) | 5.21 (0.65) | 5.16 (0.59) | 4.11 (0.57) | 3.25 (0.65) | 2.35 (0.53) | 2.98 (0.27) | 4.84 (0.67) | 4.62 (0.65) | 2.14 (0.56) | 2.18 (0.55) | 2.40 (0.60) | 1.72 (0.54) |
| Depression | 3.82 (0.25) | 5.23 (0.57) | 3.94 (0.51) | 4.36 (0.70) | 3.41 (0.47) | 2.93 (0.43) | 3.07 (0.29) | 4.22 (0.22) | 4.86 (0.59) | 4.55 (0.51) | 4.71 (0.70) | 4.00 (0.46) | 3.75 (0.40) | 3.46 (0.29) |
| Hypertonia | 0.38 (0.07) | 0.99 (0.26) | 0.49 (0.20) | 0.44 (0.14) | 0.26 (0.14) | 0.13 (0.07) | −0.01 (0.06) | 0.12 (0.07) | 0.35 (0.28) | 0.23 (0.21) | −0.01 (0.14) | 0.11 (0.14) | −0.01 (0.06) | 0.06 (0.05) |
| Hypotonia | 0.05 (0.03) | 0.11 (0.07) | 0.06 (0.04) | 0.01 (0.05) | 0.06 (0.04) | 0.01 (0.07) | 0.07 (0.08) | 0.07 (0.03) | 0.06 (0.07) | 0.00 (0.04) | 0.06 (0.04) | 0.00 (0.04) | 0.13 (0.06) | 0.14 (0.08) |
The total scores reflect mean values for N=21 methadone and N=18 buprenorphine infants. However, not all participants contributed to every summary score on every day as infants who were not in the proper behavioral state during the assessment were not able to be scored for certain variables. In addition, not all infants were able to be assessed on every scheduled day; the number of cases contributing to each assessment day [Total N (Methadone n/Buprenorphine n); D3=36 (19/17), D5=35 (18/17), D7= 34 (17/17), D10=36 (19/17), D15=31 (15/16), and D30=30 (16/14).