Table 1. Reptilian ranaviruses included in this study.
| Virus | Acronym / No. | Host species | Country of origin | Year of detection | Short case history/clinical signs | Reference(s) | GenBank IDs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chelonians: | |||||||
| Testudo hermanni ranavirus* | CH8/96 | Hermann’s tortoise Testudo hermanni | Switzerland | 1996 | Stomatitis, hepatitis, liver necrosis, basophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies (liver, gastrointestinal tract, lungs), bacterial coinfection. Death of all co-housed tortoises. | [28] | Complete genome: KP266741* |
| Tortoise ranavirus 1* | ToRV1 (882/96) | Egyptian tortoise Testudo kleinmanni | Germany | 1996 | Rhinitis, stomatitis, necrosis in the spleen, intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies (tongue), bacterial coinfection. 2nd animal in collection survived. | [30] | Complete genome: KP266743* |
| Tortoise ranavirus 2* | ToRV2 (5187/07) | Hermann’s tortoise Testudo hermanni | Germany | 2007 | Stomatitis, emaciation, enteritis, bacterial coinfection. | [30] | MCP: KM516713*; DNApol: KM516722*; RNR-α: KM516731*; RNR-β: KM516740*; vIF-2α: KM516751* |
| ToRV2 (CU60/09) | Marginated tortoise Testudo marginata | Germany | 2009 | Stomatitis, necrosis in the trachea and liver, hepatitis, splenitis, pancreatitis, dermatitis and myositis in foreleg, intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies (lungs), bacterial coinfection. High mortality in mixed collection of tortoises. | [30] | ||
| Soft-shelled turtle iridovirus | STIV | Chinese soft-shelled turtle Trionyx sinensis | China | 1997 | “Red neck disease”, petechial haemorrhages in the liver, high mortality in farmed animals. | [59] | EU627010 |
| Lizards: | |||||||
| German gecko ranavirus* | GGRV (2000/99) | Leaf-tailed gecko Uroplatus fimbriatus | Germany | 2001 | Granulomatous lesions on the tongue, hepatitis, only one animal in a mixed collection (other lizards + toads) died. | [29] | Complete genome: KP266742* |
| Lacerta monticolaranavirus* | LMRV | Iberian mountain lizard Iberolacerta monticola | Portugal (Serra da Estrela) | 2003/2004 | Wild-caught animal, no clinical signs reported, coinfected with erythrocytic necrosis virus. | [31] | MCP: KM516719*; DNApol: KM516728*; RNR-α: KM516737*; RNR-β: KM516746*; vIF-2α: KM516757* |
| Japalura splendida ranavirus* | JSpRV | Green striped tree dragon Japalura splendida | Germany (imported from Asia via Florida) | 2011 | Skin lesions, systemic haemorrhages, liver necrosis, large number of animals died. AdV / IIV in the same group | [32] | MCP: KM516721*; DNApol: KM516730*; RNR-α: KM516739*; RNR-β: KM516748*; vIF-2α: KM516759* |
| Anolis sagrei ranavirus* | ASRV | Brown anole Anolis sagrei | Germany (imported from Florida) | 2008/2011 | RV found repeatedly in different imported groups during 3 years. Low to high mortality, apathy, skin lesions. Coinfection with reovirus in one animal. | [7] | MCP: KM516716*; DNApol: KM516725*; RNR-α: KM516734*; RNR-β: KM516743*; vIF-2α: KM516754* |
| Dopasia gracilis ranavirus* | DGRV | Asian glass lizard Dopasia gracilis | Germany (imported from Asia) | 2012 | Illegally imported animals confiscated and divided up to different zoological organizations, a number of animals died. Skin lesions. IIV in the same animal. | [7] | MCP: KM516714*; DNApol: KM516723*; RNR-α: KM516732*; RNR-β: KM516741*; vIF-2α: KM516752* |
| Anolis carolinensis ranavirus* | ACRV | Green anole Anolis carolinensis | Germany (imported from Florida) | 2012 | Several animals in poor body condition separated, high mortality, skin lesions. AdV and IIV in the same animal. | [7] | MCP: KM516720*; DNApol: KM516729*; RNR-α: KM516738*; RNR-β: KM516747*; vIF-2α: KM516758* |
| Snake: | |||||||
| Blood python ranavirus* | BPRV | Red blood python Python brongersmai | Germany (imported from Indonesia) | 2007 | 100 animals imported, 30% developed severe diphteroid stomatitis and hepatitis. An unknown number of snakes died. | Blahak, unpublished | MCP: KM516715*; DNApol: KM516724*; RNR-α: KM516733*; RNR-β: KM516742*; vIF-2α: KM516753* |
The different viruses are presented with reference to host species, country and year of first detection, short case history and references.
Virus / GenBank accession numbers highlighted bold*: new sequences were obtained during this study; sequences from the nonmarked virus were obtained from GenBank; AdV: adenovirus; IIV: invertebrate iridovirus; RV: ranavirus