Table 2. Multiple regression model of relationship between number of hospital readmissions due to diabetes, IMD quintile and ethnicity.

Variables	Relative Risk	95% Confidence Interval	P-value
IMD quintile
Quintile 1 (Least Deprived)	1	N.A.
Quintile 2	1.02	0.99–1.05	0.166
Quintile 3	1.06	1.03–1.10	<0.001
Quintile 4	1.13	1.09–1.16	<0.001
Quintile 5 (Most Deprived)	1.18	1.15–1.22	<0.001
Age
16–29 years	1	N.A.
30–44 years	0.91	0.87–0.96	<0.001
45–64 years	0.97	0.93–1.01	0.128
65 + years	1.02	0.97–1.06	0.453
Sex
Men	1	N.A.
Women	0.90	0.89–0.91	<0.001
Region type
Urban	1	N.A.
Town	1.03	1.00–1.06	0.079
Village	1.01	0.98–1.03	0.723
Ethnicity
White	1	N.A.
Mixed	1.01	0.79–1.29	0.964
South Asian	0.86	0.80–0.94	0.001
Black	1.03	0.84–1.26	0.779
Asian	0.73	0.53–1.01	0.058
Others	1.16	1.02–1.33	0.026
IMD ethnicity interaction
IMD Quintile 1: all	1	N.A.
IMD Quintile 2:
Mixed	1	0.71–1.39	0.981
South Asian	1.06	0.95–1.19	0.270
Black	1.11	0.87–1.42	0.383
Asian	0.96	0.59–1.57	0.111
Others	0.77	0.63–0.93	0.007
IMD Quintile 3:
Mixed	1.17	0.86–1.58	0.313
South Asian	1.04	0.94–1.14	0.499
Black	0.92	0.73–1.14	0.432
Asian	0.80	0.49–1.32	0.387
Others	0.77	0.65–0.92	0.003
IMD Quintile 4:
Mixed	0.92	0.69–1.23	0.582
South Asian	1.03	0.94–1.14	0.495
Black	0.92	0.74–1.13	0.411
Asian	1.29	0.85–1.95	0.230
Others	0.91	0.78–1.07	0.264
IMD Quintile 5:
Mixed	0.78	0.58–1.04	0.092
South Asian	0.97	0.88–1.07	0.543
Black	0.92	0.74–1.13	0.404
Asian	1.80	1.22–2.65	0.003
Others	0.82	0.70–0.96	0.014
Admission method
Elective	1	N.A.
Emergency	0.85	0.84–0.86	<0.001
Likelihood ratio statistic against without random effect model (p-value)	9465.53 (<0.001)