Table 4.
Risk factor profiles by decade for diabetes and no diabetes (ages 40–55 years)
| 1970s | 1980s | 1990s | 2000s | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diabetes, n | 30 | 52 | 80 | 55 |
| Age, years | 46 (3.1) | 49 (4.8) | 48 (4.3) | 47 (3.9) |
| Percent women | 43.3 | 46.2 | 40.0 | 34.6 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 29.6 (4.2) | 29.7 (4.8) | 31.3 (6.5) | 32.9 (6.6) |
| Overweight, % | 56.7 | 50.0 | 37.5 | 25.5 |
| Obesity, % | 36.7 | 34.6 | 53.8 | 63.6 |
| Current smoking, % | 40.0 | 44.2 | 32.5 | 14.6 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 135 (13.2) | 131 (14.4) | 131 (14.6) | 129 (15.6) |
| Hypertension, % | 63.3 | 50.0 | 46.3 | 45.5 |
| Antihypertension treatment, % | 20.0 | 30.8 | 20.0 | 30.9 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 217 (43.9) | 220 (37.0) | 200 (34.8) | 200 (35.3) |
| Lipid-lowering treatment, % | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.8 | 14.6 |
| No diabetes, n | 1,278 | 1,499 | 1,583 | 1,637 |
| Age, years | 46 (4.1) | 47 (4.7) | 47 (4.4) | 46 (4.1) |
| Percent women | 50.3 | 50.8 | 52.4 | 53.2 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.9 (3.8) | 25.7 (4.0) | 26.5 (4.5) | 26.9 (5.2) |
| Overweight, % | 41.1 | 38.6 | 39.4 | 38.1 |
| Obesity, % | 13.3 | 13.9 | 18.6 | 22.5 |
| Current smoking, % | 39.5 | 34.6 | 24.5 | 13.9 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 126 (16.6) | 123 (15.2) | 122 (15.4) | 118 (14.4) |
| Hypertension, % | 28.1 | 23.8 | 24.8 | 21.9 |
| Antihypertension treatment, % | 5.5 | 9.9 | 9.2 | 12.0 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 211 (36.5) | 210 (36.6) | 203 (37.0) | 195 (33.8) |
| Lipid-lowering treatment, % | 1.1 | 0.8 | 2.0 | 10.8 |
Continuous data are shown as mean (SD).