Table 1.
Systematic review data assessing how characteristics of arterial obstruction (location and extent) and time from stroke onset affect hyperdense artery sign (HAS) prevalence
| Author | Year | Angiography n | Location of Arterial Obstruction | Number of Obstructed Arterial Segments | Time from Stroke Onset to Scan (minutes) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proximal | Distal | 1 | ≥2 | ≤180 | ≥180 | |||
| Assouline25 | 2005 | 39 | 8/16(50) | 6/7(86) | 11/17(65) | 4/8(50) | ||
| Barber22 | 2004 | 100 | 7/25(28) | 11/24(46) | ||||
| Bastianello6 | 1991 | 36 | 12/17(71) | 6/13(46) | ||||
| Flacke19 | 2000 | 23 | 6/10(60) | 0/10(0) | ||||
| Froehler28 * | 2013 | 67 | 15/20(75) | 23/43(53) | ||||
| Garg7 | 2004 | 65 | 1/8(13) | 8/57(14) | ||||
| Kim23 † | 2005 | 51 | 11/38(29) | 7/31(23) | ||||
| Kim26 | 2008 | 78 | 36/56(64) | 10/22(45) | ||||
| Koga20 | 2003 | 105 | 21/63(33) | 6/38(16) | ||||
| Tomsick15 | 1990 | 20 | 4/9(44) | 2/7(29) | 3/10(30) | 3/6(50) | ||
| Tomsick16 | 1992 | 38 | 7/14(50) | 5/12(42) | 8/22(36) | 6/7(86) | ||
| von Kummer18 | 1994 | 53 | 20/43(47) | 5/10(50) | ||||
| Wolpert17 | 1993 | 60 | 12/43(28) | 4/17(24) | ||||
| IST-38 | 2012 | 273 | 50/91(55) | 12/23(52) | 34/66(52) | 28/48(58) | 34/151(23) | 35/122(29) |
| TOTAL | 189/402(47) | 92/247(37) | 56/115(49) | 41/69(59) | 55/202(27) | 48/189(25) | ||
| p-value for difference | 0.015 | 0.160 | 0.682 | |||||
Results represent number of HAS within each total (%). Data were only included when results were available for both sides of the equation (e.g. proximal and distal); 3 articles with incomplete data are not included.
Unless otherwise stated, proximal arterial locations include internal carotid artery, main-stem of the middle cerebral artery (MCA), vertebral and basilar arteries. Distal arterial locations include sylvian branches of the MCA, and anterior and posterior cerebral arteries.
Proximal and distal arteries are defined here as internal carotid and middle cerebral arteries, respectively.
Thick-slice (5mm) CT data are presented here. Thin-slice data are also available.