Table 1.
Clinical and Socioeconomic Characteristics of Participants
| Characteristic | Overall (n=1535) | Blacks (n=179) | Mixed (n=521) | Whites (n=768) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, women % | 44 | 41 | 42 | 45 |
| Age, y | 52±9 | 52±8 | 51±8 | 52±9 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 122±17 | 129±22 | 122±16 | 120±17 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 78±11 | 81±13 | 79±11 | 77±10 |
| Heart rate, bpm | 69±10 | 70±10 | 69±10 | 69±10 |
| Height, cm | 167±9 | 167±9 | 166±9 | 167±10 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 26.8±4.6 | 27.3±4.8 | 26.9±4.4 | 26.6±4.8 |
| C‐reactive protein*, mg/dL | 1.45 (0.74 to 3.17) | 1.63 (0.80 to 4.00) | 1.51 (0.74 to 3.27) | 1.42 (0.73 to 2.99) |
| Total/HDL cholesterol | 4.09±1.04 | 3.87±0.97 | 4.15±1.07 | 4.10±1.04 |
| Triglycerides*, mg/dL | 115 (83 to 172) | 110 (74 to 162) | 116 (84 to 173) | 117 (83 to 172) |
| Fasting glucose, mg/dL | 111±31 | 118±42 | 112±32 | 108±25 |
| Impaired fasting glucose, % | 53 | 49 | 54 | 53 |
| Diabetes mellitus, % | 16 | 26 | 17 | 14 |
| Smoking, % | 12 | 16 | 12 | 12 |
| Hypertension, % | 37 | 53 | 37 | 33 |
| Abdominal obesity, % | 35 | 37 | 37 | 34 |
| Hypertension treatment, % | 28 | 38 | 29 | 26 |
| Lipid‐lowering treatment, % | 13 | 11 | 11 | 15 |
| Prevalent cardiovascular disease, % | 4 | 6 | 5 | 4 |
| Physical activity status, % | ||||
| Sedentary | 61 | 70 | 62 | 60 |
| Moderately active | 35 | 29 | 35 | 37 |
| Active | 4 | 1 | 4 | 4 |
| Level of education, % | ||||
| <High school | 9 | 22 | 12 | 4 |
| High school | 28 | 46 | 35 | 18 |
| College | 63 | 32 | 54 | 78 |
| Annual family income, US$ | ||||
| <20 000 | 33 | 63 | 42 | 19 |
| 20 000 to 45 000 | 40 | 32 | 39 | 42 |
| >45 000 | 27 | 6 | 18 | 40 |
Asian and Native Brazilians data are not shown because of low numbers (2.5% and 0.5%, respectively). Race was not reported by 21 participants. HDL indicates high‐density level.
*
C‐reactive protein and triglycerides are presented as median (interquartile range).