Table 1.

Baseline Demographic Characteristics and Correlations With Left Ventricular (LV) Mass/Body Surface Area (BSA) (n=905)

	Mean (SD) or Proportion	LV Mass/BSA
Characteristics		Correlation (95% CI)*
Age, y	50.5 (6.6)	0.15 (0.08, 0.21)*
Body weight, kg	80.6 (11.3)	0.15 (0.09, 0.22)*
Body mass index, kg/m2	26.7 (3.1)	0.14 (0.08, 0.21)*
BSA, m2	1.94 (0.15)	0.14 (0.07, 0.20)*
Cigarette pack‐years of smoking*	7.6 (15.7)	−0.04 (−0.10, 0.03)
Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg	132.3 (15.4)	0.14 (0.07, 0.20)*
Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg	88.7 (10.2)	0.07 (0.01, 0.14)*
Serum total cholesterol, mmol/L	5.78 (1.00)	−0.01 (−0.07, 0.06)
Serum LDL‐cholesterol, mmol/L	3.87 (0.92)	−0.03 (−0.10, 0.03)
Serum HDL‐cholesterol, mmol/L	1.27 (0.29)	0.09 (0.02, 0.15)*
Cardiorespiratory fitness, mL/kg per minute*	32.1 (7.8)	0.04 (−0.03, 0.10)
Categorical variable		Change relative to ref category*
Smoker, %	31.2	−2.22 (−5.78, 1.34)
Diabetes, %*	4.9	2.56 (−5.34, 10.45)
Atrial fibrillation, %	1.2	4.45 (−7.44, 16.33)
Hypertension, %	25.8	2.77 (−0.55, 6.09)
Family history of coronary heart disease, %	48.9	−1.42 (−4.74, 1.89)
Regular use of medication
Antihypertensive drugs, %	13.9	9.95 (5.56, 14.35)*
Statins,%	6.2	−5.94 (−26.39, 14.52)
β‐Blockers, %	9.6	7.68 (2.75, 12.62)*
Aspirin, %	9.5	−1.29 (−6.68, 4.11)

HDL indicates high‐density lipoprotein; LDL, low‐density lipoprotein.

^*P<0.05 for statistical significance.

^*Correlation coefficient (95% CI).

^*Pack‐years denotes the lifelong exposure to smoking which was estimated as the product of years smoked and the number of tobacco products smoked daily at the time of examination.

^*Cardiorespiratory fitness was defined as the highest value or the plateau of oxygen uptake during the exercise testing.

^*Reference is the category without the characteristic (eg, change relative to the reference).

^*Diabetes was defined as fasting blood glucose ≥6.1 mmol/L or a clinical diagnosis of diabetes with either dietary, oral, or insulin treatment.