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. 2015 Feb 24;9:47. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00047

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Copyright © 2015 Masoli, Solinas and D'Angelo.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Ionic mechanisms of action potential generation. (A) The traces show the major inward depolarizing currents generated during the interspike interval, which are capable of sustaining spontaneous firing. These include Cav2.1, Nav1.6 and Cav3.2. (B) Axonal currents involved in action potential generation during spontaneous firing. Note that Nav1.6 current is larger in the AIS than in the soma and RNs. Note also absence of Na and Ca currents in the paraAIS. The inset shows AIS and somatic Nav1.6 currents along with their algebraic difference (dashed line): the peak somatic current occurs nearly 1 ms after the AIS current (the arrow indicates the excess of somatic Na current). (C) The traces show the effect of Kv3.3 and Kv3.4 on action potential generation at the 3rd RN. Note that Kv3.3 (at double concentration that Kv3.4) is poorly effective, while Kv3.4 effectively controls spike afterhyperpolarization and reduces firing frequency.