Table 1.
Effects of dietary supplementation with FF, FF/AqSF-P, and FF/BY on serum lipid profiles in ND- and HCBD-fed mice
| Groups | Dose (%/w/w) | TC (mmol/L) | TG (mmol/L) | HDL (mmol/L) | LDL (mmol/L) | HDL/LDL | LDL/HDL | N-HDL (mmol/L) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ND-fed mice | ||||||||
| ND | n/a | 4.31±0.21 | 2.04±0.18 | 4.19±0.21 | 0.31±0.01 | 13.68±5.37 | 0.07±0.00 | 0.21±0.09 |
| FF | 0.1 | 3.38±0.23** | 0.93±0.07** | 3.27±0.19** | 0.31±0.02 | 10.54±0.37** | 0.10±0.00** | 0.31±0.06 |
| FF/BY | 0.1/0.025 | 2.76±0.28** | 0.78±0.11** | 2.58±0.14**,† | 0.28±0.02 | 9.40±0.51** | 0.11±0.01** | 0.41±0.27 |
| FF/AqSF-P | 0.1/0.3 | 3.17±0.17** | 0.88±0.08** | 3.06±0.16** | 0.30±0.02 | 10.42±0.28** | 0.10±0.00** | 0.23±0.07 |
| 0.1/1 | 3.44±0.14** | 0.95±0.09** | 3.05±0.14** | 0.28±0.01 | 11.06±0.32* | 0.09±0.00** | 0.39±0.04** | |
| 0.1/3 | 3.24±0.26** | 0.81±0.08** | 2.93±0.23** | 0.30±0.02 | 9.90±0.56** | 0.10±0.01** | 0.32±0.07 | |
| 0.1/9 | 3.35±0.26* | 0.73±0.09** | 3.19±0.24** | 0.30±0.03 | 10.75±0.60** | 0.10±0.01** | 0.60±0.25 | |
| HCBD-fed mice | ||||||||
| ND | n/a | 4.30±0.27 | 2.33±0.11 | 4.25±0.22 | 0.52±0.05 | 8.58±0.47 | 0.12±0.01 | 0.32±0.08 |
| HCBD | n/a | 6.38±0.25** | 1.24±0.11** | 4.37±0.14 | 2.55±0.09** | 1.72±0.05** | 0.59±0.02** | 2.00±0.20** |
| FF | 0.03 | 3.94±0.25## | 0.98±0.08 | 3.43±0.23## | 1.07±0.11## | 3.33±0.17## | 0.31±0.02## | 0.51±0.11## |
| FF/BY | 0.03/0.025 | 4.61±0.18#,† | 0.93±0.05# | 4.02±0.15† | 1.13±0.09## | 3.71±0.23## | 0.28±0.02## | 0.59±0.11## |
| FF/AqSF-P | 0.03/3 | 4.28±0.20## | 0.86±0.06## | 3.74±0.22# | 0.99±0.06## | 3.83±0.24## | 0.27±0.02## | 0.53±0.08## |
| 0.03/9 | 3.87±0.13## | 0.85±0.05## | 3.45±0.13## | 0.90±0.06## | 3.97±0.25## | 0.26±0.01##,† | 0.58±0.05## | |
| HCBD-fed mice | ||||||||
| ND | n/a | 4.29±0.12 | 2.18±0.10 | 3.80±0.10 | 0.46±0.04 | 8.71±0.53 | 0.12±0.01 | 0.55±0.04 |
| HCBD | n/a | 5.28±0.28** | 1.22±0.08** | 3.60±0.18 | 1.35±0.16** | 3.51±0.96** | 0.38±0.04** | 1.68±0.14** |
| FF | 0.1 | 3.99±0.19## | 1.12±0.06 | 3.16±0.16 | 0.82±0.10# | 4.25±0.48 | 0.27±0.04 | 0.99±0.12## |
| FF/BY | 0.1/0.025 | 3.84±0.25## | 1.04±0.08 | 3.04±0.21 | 0.63±0.08## | 5.21±0.45 | 0.21±0.02## | 0.80±0.05## |
| FF/AqSF-P | 0.1/1 | 3.89±0.27## | 1.08±0.08 | 3.07±0.24 | 0.57±0.07## | 5.61±0.30† | 0.18±0.01##,† | 0.83±0.14## |
| 0.1/3 | 3.95±0.15## | 1.14±0.08 | 2.96±0.11## | 0.87±0.09# | 3.71±0.39 | 0.30±0.03 | 0.99±0.10## | |
| 0.1/9 | 4.18±0.14## | 1.06±0.08 | 3.08±0.18 | 0.89±0.10# | 3.99±0.70 | 0.29±0.03 | 1.10±0.13## | |
Notes: Mice were fed with ND or HCBD to establish a model of hypercholesterolemia. FF or the combination of FF and AqSF-P or BY at the indicated doses were supplemented with either ND or HCBD. The concentrations of AqFS-P were estimated on the basis of crude herbal material. Ten days after dietary supplementation, serum TC, TG, HDL, LDL, and N-HDL levels, as well as HDL/LDL and LDL/HDL ratios, were measured. Values given are the means ± SEM, with n=10.
P<0.05
P<0.01 vs ND
P<0.05
P<0.01 vs HCBD
P<0.05 vs FF alone. Statistically significant differences were determined using a one-way ANOVA, followed by Dunnett’s multiple-comparisons test.
Abbreviations: ND, normal diet; HCBD, high cholesterol/bile salt (0.5%/0.15%, w/w) diet; FF, fenofibrate; AqSF-P, aqueous extract of Schisandrae Fructus pulp; BY, bicyclol; w/w, weight/weight; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; N-HDL, non-high-density lipoprotein; SEM, standard error of mean; vs, versus; ANOVA, analysis of variance; n/a, not applicable.