Table 3.
Summary of naming errors induced by rTMS
| Error category | Object naming | Pseudoword reading | Verb generation | Action naming | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5 Hz | 7 Hz | p | 5 Hz | 7 Hz | p | 5 Hz | 7 Hz | p | 5 Hz | 7 Hz | p | |
| No response | 1.6% | 3.5% | 0.001 | 0.0% | 0.0% | >0.999 | 1.6% | 2.4% | 0.015 | 1.8% | 1.9% | 0.908 |
| Hesitations | 9.9% | 7.2% | 0.002 | 1.5% | 1.1% | 0.213 | 9.5% | 6.7% | <0.001 | 7.8% | 5.5% | 0.004 |
| Performance | 1.3% | 0.8% | 0.112 | 0.8% | 0.8% | 0.952 | 1.0% | 0.6% | 0.307 | 0.6% | 0.5% | 0.692 |
| Phonological | 0.2% | 0.0% | 0.125 | 1.6% | 1.4% | 0.435 | 0.4% | 0.2% | 0.075 | 0.4% | 0.3% | 0.677 |
| Semantic | 0.6% | 0.4% | 0.357 | 0.0% | 0.0% | -- | 0.3% | 0.3% | >0.999 | 0.3% | 0.2% | 0.774 |
| Neologism | 0.0% | 0.0% | >0.999 | 0.0% | 0.0% | >0.999 | 0.1% | 0.0% | 0.250 | 0.0% | 0.0% | >0.999 |
| Nominalization | 0.0% | 0.0% | -- | 0.0% | 0.0% | -- | 0.6% | 0.3% | 0.364 | 0.2% | 0.2% | >0.999 |
| All errors | 13.7% | 11.5% | 0.021 | 4.0% | 3.2% | 0.202 | 13.5% | 10.6% | 0.002 | 11.1% | 8.5% | 0.005 |
Naming error rates of each error type in four tested language tasks and for both applied frequencies. Differences among distribution of error rates per stimulation point in different mapping frequencies were tested by the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test; respective p values were presented.