Table 3.

Categorization at test: Mean (standard deviation) proportions of responses based on old features in new-D, one-new-P, and all-new-P items in Experiments 1 and 2.

Experiment	Age Group	Training Type	new-D	one-new-P	all-new-P
Experiment 1	Adults	Classification	0.70 (0.23)	0.98 (0.06)	0.94 (0.12)
		Inference	0.73 (0.22)	0.88 (0.20)	0.75 (0.29)
	6-year-olds	Classification	0.53 (0.22)	0.91 (0.18)	0.94 (0.13)
		Inference	0.54 (0.22)	0.71 (0.26)	0.59 (0.26)
	4-year-olds	Classification	0.74 (0.23)	0.71 (0.21)	0.51 (0.16)
		Inference	0.75 (0.17)	0.79 (0.21)	0.54 (0.23)
Experiment 2	4-year-olds	Classification	0.59 (0.23)	0.80 (0.23)	0.84 (0.16)

Note:

New-D items (i.e., P_flurpD_new and P_jaletD_new) had probabilistic features of the studied categories and a novel feature replacing the deterministic feature. High proportion of correct responses on new-D items indicates that the participant can categorize items on the basis of old P features, even when the D feature is new.

One-new-P items (i.e., P_newD_flurp and P_newD_jalet) had all features of the studied categories but a novel feature replacing one probabilistic feature. High proportion of correct responses on one-new-P indicates that the participant can tolerate small distortion in the category prototype when categorizing items.

All-new-P items (i.e., P_all-newD_flurp and P_all-newD_jalet) had the deterministic features from the studied categories and all new features replacing the studied probabilistic features. High proportion of correct responses on all-new-P items indicates that the participant relies on old D features and generalizes broadly.

The scale effectively ranges from 0.5 to 1, with 0.5 being chance performance.