Table 3.

Results of standard regression analyses with two different outcomes: hippocampal volume and Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis (AD vs. control). The p-values for the main effects of the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk score and each CVD risk factor, and their interaction effects with APOE-ε4 status on hippocampal volume obtained by conventional interaction analyses are presented. The p-values for the association between diagnosis (AD patients vs. cognitive normal controls) and each CVD risk factor obtained by logistic regression analyses are shown. Significant associations, with Bonferroni corrected p-values smaller than 0.05, are highlighted in bold.

Risk factor	Covariates adjusted	Hippocampal volume (linear regression)		AD vs. control (logistic regression)
		Main effect	Interaction with APOE-ε4
FHS risk score	ICV, Edu a	5.12 × 10–4	0.132	0.761
Age	ICV, Edu, Gender	3.99 × 10–18	4.03 × 10–3	0.301
Gender	ICV, Edu, Age	0.103	0.982	0.467
Body mass index (BMI)	ICV, Edu, Age, Gender	2.37 × 10–3	0.227	0.011
Systolic blood pressure	ICV, Edu, Age, Gender	0.832	0.591	0.077
Smoking status	ICV, Edu, Age, Gender	0.062	0.112	0.974
Diabetes	ICV, Edu, Age, Gender	0.609	0.541	0.247