Table 4.
Estimates for mean hours per week spent on physical activity on the Youth Physical Activity Question (Y-PAQ) by selected demographic, socioeconomic and environmental factors
| Full sample (N) Unadjusted mean c | Analytic sample (N = 1060) Unadjusted mean e | Analytic sample (N = 1060) Fully adjusted mean (95 % CI) d | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic factors | ||||
| Gender | ||||
| †Male | 14.4 (1068) | 14 (550) | 14.0 | [13.3,14.8] |
| Female | 12.8 (872)*** | 12.6 (510)* | 12.6* | [11.8,13.4] |
| Ethnic group | ||||
| †White: UK | 13.6 (378) | 13.4 (231) | 13.5 | [12.2,14.7] |
| White: Mixed | 15 (232) | 13.8 (111) | 13.8 | [12.0,15.5] |
| Asian: Indian | 16.7 (71)* | 17.8 (49)* | 17.6* | [15.0,20.3] |
| Asian: Pakistani | 12.8 (87) | 12.2 (48) | 12.2 | [9.6,14.9] |
| Asian: Bangladeshi | 12.3 (355) | 12.3 (233) | 12.4 | [11.1,13.8] |
| Black: Caribbean | 13 (89) | 14.4 (39) | 14.8 | [11.9,17.8] |
| Black: African | 13.7 (212) | 13.1 (91) | 13.0 | [11.1,15.0] |
| Other | 14 (498) | 13.4 (258) | 13.2 | [12.0,14.4] |
| Nativity | ||||
| †UK Born | 13.6 (1515) | 13.2 (878) | 13.2 | [12.5,13.8] |
| Born overseas | 13.9 (386) | 13.9 (182) | 14.3 | [12.8,15.7] |
| Borough | ||||
| †Newham | 13.8 (567) | 13.7 (266) | 13.5 | [12.4,14.6] |
| Tower Hamlets | 13.5 (530) | 12.4 (315) | 12.6 | [11.5,13.7] |
| Barking & Dagenham | 13.5 (410) | 13.7 (257) | 14.0 | [12.8,15.1] |
| Hackney | 14 (433) | 13.9 (222) | 13.5 | [12.2,14.8] |
| Socioeconomic factors | ||||
| Parental economic activity | ||||
| †Both unemployed | 13.4 (195) | 13.3 (131) | 14.1 | [12.2,16.0] |
| One parent employed | 13.8 (600) | 13.3 (361) | 13.7 | [12.7,14.7] |
| Both parents employed | 13.7 (643) | 13.2 (412) | 12.6 | [11.6,13.7] |
| Lone parent employed | 13.7 (137) | 13.9 (80) | 13.7 | [11.7,15.8] |
| Lone parent unemployed | 13.3 (119) | 13.5 (70) | 13.8 | [11.4,16.1] |
| Doesn’t live with parents | 16.8 (16) | 14.9 (6) | 13.5 | [6.0,21.0] |
| Family affluence a | ||||
| †Low | 11.6 (223) | 11.1 (132) | 10.9 | [9.2,12.5] |
| Moderate | 13.4 (1001)* | 13.1 (572)* | 13.1* | [12.4,13.9] |
| High | 15.1 (623)** | 14.6 (356)*** | 14.6** | [13.6,15.6] |
| Free school meals | ||||
| †No meals | 13.7 (1164) | 13.2 (700) | 13.1 | [12.4,13.9] |
| Receives free meals | 13.8 (739) | 13.6 (360) | 13.8 | [12.6,14.9] |
| Environmental Factors | ||||
| Neighbourhood safety b | ||||
| †Safe | 13.4 (393) | 13.3 (282) | 13.4 | [12.2,14.5] |
| Mixed | 13.7 (491) | 13.5 (370) | 13.4 | [12.5,14.4] |
| Not safe | 13.4 (587) | 13.2 (408) | 13.3 | [12.3,14.2] |
| Neighbourhood aesthetics b | ||||
| †Pleasant | 13.6 (343) | 13.5 (271) | 13.6 | [12.5,14.8] |
| Mixed | 13.3 (437) | 13.2 (322) | 13.2 | [12.1,14.2] |
| Unpleasant | 13.7 (671) | 13.4 (467) | 13.3 | [12.4,14.2] |
| Neighbourhood walk-cycleability b | ||||
| †Easy to walk/cycle | 14.9 (277) | 15 (218) | 15.1 | [13.9,16.3] |
| Mixed | 13.1 (397)* | 13.2 (310)* | 13.2* | [12.2,14.3] |
| Not easy to walk/cycle | 13 (687)** | 12.7 (532)** | 12.7** | [11.9,13.5] |
| Proximity to businesses & services b | ||||
| †Close by | 14.4 (367) | 14.4 (286) | 14.4 | [13.3,15.5] |
| Mixed | 12.6 (522)* | 12.6 (367)* | 12.6* | [11.7,13.6] |
| Far away | 13.7 (567) | 13.3 (407) | 13.3 | [12.4,14.2] |
| Likelihood ratio test v linear regression | p = 0.20 | |||
†Reference category.
*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.
a0 to 2 items = low score; 3 to 5 items = moderate score; 6 to 9 items = high score.
bIndividual items were summed were summed for each scale and split into tertiles owing to the skewed distribution.
cFull sample N varies by each outcome due to missing data.
dAdjusted for all demographic, socioeconomic and environmental indicators accounting for clustering within schools.
eIndividuals reporting >75 hrs total activity per week were excluded.