Table 1. Quantitative traits of satiation, gastric motor functions and gastrointestinal hormones in normal weight, overweight and obese patients (data show mean ± SEM).

Group (BMI)	Normal weight (18-25 kg/m2)	Overweight (25-30kg/m2)	Obesity Class I (30-35kg/m2)	Obesity Class II/III (>35kg/m2)	P
Satiation test
N (total=509)	85	158	135	131
Gender (female %)	71	61	67	75	0.032
Mean BMI (kg/m2)	22.8±0.2	27.6±0.1	32.4±0.1	38.9±0.3
Volume to fullness (mL)	666.4±32.4	713.5±20.3	755.1±30.9	805.2±36.9*	0.038#
MTV (mL)	1248±42	1337±30	1283±34	1290±39	0.38#
Gastric motor functions and gastrointestinal hormones
N (total=328)	22	105	108	93
Age (y)	38.8±3.1	37.3±1.2	38±1.2	37.5±1.2
Gender (female %)	64	60	73	70	0.20
Mean BMI (kg/m2)	23±0.3	27.8±0.1	32.3±0.1	38.9±0.3
Solid GE T1/2 (min)	124.2±4.1	100.2±2.5*	99.4±2.5*	106.6±3.3*	<0.001
Liquid GE T1/2 (min)	27.9±3.4	18.5±0.1*	18.9±1*	20±1.4*	0.011§
Fasting GV (mL)	257.5±14.5	251.7±7	264.7±6.3	282.2±8.2	0.028
Postprandial GV (mL)	781.1±21.5	733.6±11.2	739.8±11.2	767±13.9	0.109
Buffet meal intake (kcal)	NA	948.1±31.9	972.7±30.7	987.5±32.1	0.66
Ghrelin fasting (pg/ml)	NA	85.2±7.2	69.5±3.6	70.14±6.7	0.063§
CCK peak (pmol/L)	NA	8.3±0.6	8.4±0.5	10.5±0.8	0.061§
GLP-1 peak (pM)	12.1±1.9	17.7 ±1.1*	18.8±1.2*	19.1±1.3*	<0.001§
PYY peak (pg/ml)	223.1±22.5	155.8±5.9*	165.5±9.7*	166.8±7.9	0.003§
Psychological traits
Anxiety (Scale 0-14)	NA	2.7±0.2	4.0±0.3	3.7±0.3	0.006§
Depression (Scale 0-14)	NA	1.2±0.2	1.8±0.2	1.7±0.2	0.017§
Body Image (Scale 9-45)	NA	30.7±0.7	27.1±0.6	26.1±0.6	<0.001

^*p value <0.05 when compared to normal weight (Dunnett's test)

^§based on a rank transformation;

^#adjusted for two endpoints (Hochberg method)

GE=gastric emptying; GV=gastric volume; MTV=maximum tolerated volume