Table 2.
Association between night shift work and all cause, CVD, and cancer mortality in NHS, 1988-2010 (n=74,862).
| Night shift work duration |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mortality | Never | 1–5 years | 6–14 years | ≥15 years | p for trend |
| All causes | |||||
| No. of deaths | 5,417 | 5,424 | 1,910 | 1,430 | |
| Age-adjusted HR (95% CI) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.97 (0.94, 1.01) | 1.19 (1.13, 1.25) | 1.24 (1.17, 1.32) | <0.001 |
| Multivariable HR (95% CI)a | 1.00 (ref) | 1.01 (0.97, 1.05) | 1.11 (1.06, 1.17) | 1.11 (1.05, 1.18) | <0.001 |
| All cardiovascular disease | |||||
| No. of deaths | 1,128 | 1,128 | 442 | 364 | |
| Age-adjusted HR (95% CI) | 1.00 (ref) | 0.97 (0.90, 1.06) | 1.30 (1.16, 1.45) | 1.45 (1.29, 1.63) | <0.001 |
| Multivariable HR (95% CI)a | 1.00 (ref) | 1.02 (0.94, 1.11) | 1.19 (1.07, 1.33) | 1.23 (1.09, 1.38) | <0.001 |
| All cancer | |||||
| No. of deaths | 2,087 | 2,148 | 672 | 506 | |
| Age-adjusted HR (95% CI) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (0.94, 1.06) | 1.10 (1.01, 1.20) | 1.20 (1.09, 1.32) | <0.001 |
| Multivariable HR (95% CI)a | 1.00 (ref) | 1.03 (0.97, 1.09) | 1.04 (0.95, 1.13) | 1.08 (0.98, 1.19) | 0.11 |
Boldface indicates statistical significance (p<0.05).
HR, hazard ratio; NHS, Nurses’ Health Study; CVD, Cardiovascular diseases.
Multivariable model adjusted for age (continuous), alcohol consumption (none, 0.1-4.9, 5.0-14.9, ≥15.0 g/d), physical exercise (metabolic equivalent values; quintiles), multivitamin use (yes, no), menopausal status (premenopausal, postmenopausal) and postmenopausal hormone use (never, past and current), physical exam in the past 2 years (no , yes for symptoms and yes for screenings), healthy eating score (quintiles), smoking status (never, former, current), pack-years (<10, 10-19, 20-39, ≥40 for former smokers; <25, 25-44, 45-64, ≥65 for current smokers), and BMI (kg/m2; <21, 21-22.9, 23-24.9, 25-27.4, 27.5-29.9, 30-34.9, ≥35) and husband’s education (less than high school, some high school, high school graduate, college, graduate school, missing category).