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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2015 Jan 28;62(4):581–586. doi: 10.1002/pbc.25348

Figure 4. Dichloroacetate (DCA) inhibits phosphorylation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) and decreases cell proliferation.

Figure 4

A. BE(2)-C cells were treated with DCA, a PDK inhibitor at various concentrations (0 – 50 mM) for 48 h. Protein expression of phospho-PDC (pPDH E1α) and total PDC (PDH E1α) were detected by Western blotting. DCA (20 and 50 mM) inhibited the PDC phosphorylation. β-actin demonstrated relatively equal loading. B. Cell proliferation was measured by plating BE(2)-C/shCON (shCON) and BE(2)-C/shGRP-R (shGRP-R) cells in 96-well plates at a density of 5 × 103 cells per well in RPMI 1640 culture medium with 10% fetal bovine serum and treated with DCA at 10 and 20 mM. Cell viability was assessed daily using Cell-Counting Kit-8 (mean± SEM, *=p<0.05 vs. control). C. Cell proliferation was also measured in SK-N-AS cells treated with DCA at 10 mM and 20 mM using Cell-Counting Kit-8 (mean ± SEM, *=p<0.05 vs. control). D. Immunoblotting for HIF-1α, PARP, and caspase 3 was completed for BE(2)-C and SK-N-AS cells treated with DCA (20 - 50 mM). β-actin demonstrated relatively equal loading.