Fig. 4.

Induced expression patterns of the DsPTP1 gene in seeds under osmotic stress.

(A and E) Dry seed. (B–D). Three-day germinating seed. (F–H) Seed coat under different treatment conditions. Six independent lines were tested and repeated three times. Bar, 20 µm. (I, J) Time course of mannitol-induced (I) and sorbitol-induced (J) gene expression of AtDsPTP1 in Arabidopsis seeds. The WT Col0 seeds were treated with 440mM mannitol (I) and 400mM sorbitol (J) for various times. In all cases, seeds treated with distilled water under the same conditions during the entire period served as controls. Relative expression levels of AtDsPTP1 were analysed by qRT-PCR and normalized to Atactin2 transcript levels. Values presented are mean ± SE of three different experiments.