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. 2015 Jan 6;66(5):1489–1498. doi: 10.1093/jxb/eru510

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© The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Fig. 2. — Ethylene biosynthesis and signalling. Ethylene is synthesized from S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) by ACC (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid) synthase (ACS) and ACC oxidase (ACO) to form ethylene. Ethylene is perceived by a range of receptors and the signal is further transduced by kinase CTR1 and EIN2. A family of EIN3 transcription factors are activated by ethylene. Proteins marked with a cross are most probably lost in Z. muelleri. Proteins marked with a tick are most probably present.