Table 1.

Main genes that were up- or downregulated based on the gene ontology (GO) analysis at week 1 compared with the levels of expression in the control.

Upregulated genes			Downregulated genes
GO category	Numbers of genes	P value	GO category	Numbers of genes	P value
Cellular component
Basement membrane	14	<0.0001	Apical plasma membrane	15	<0.0001
Extracellular matrix	38	<0.0001	Glutamate-cysteine ligase complex	2	<0.0001
Extracellular region	53	<0.0001	Hemoglobin complex	2	<0.0001
Extracellular space	47	<0.0001	Intermediate filament	12	<0.0001
Proteinaceous extracellular matrix	17	0.0001	Keratin filament	8	<0.0001
Biological process
Cartilage morphogenesis	3	<0.0001	Adhesion to symbiont	2	<0.0001
Collagen fibril organization	9	<0.0001	Cellular aldehyde metabolic process	3	<0.0001
DNA replication	13	<0.0001	Cilium movement	4	0.0003
DNA replication initiation	5	<0.0001	Desmosome organization	2	<0.0001
DNA unwinding involved in DNA replication	4	<0.0001	Fucose metabolic process	2	<0.0001
Extracellular fibril organization	3	0.0003	Glutathione metabolic process	9	<0.0001
Extracellular matrix organization	11	0.0003	Male sex differentiation	2	<0.0001
Regulation of cell growth	7	<0.0001	Neutrophil aggregation	2	<0.0001
			Oxidation-reduction process	49	<0.0001
			Positive regulation of cation channel activity	2	<0.0001
			Protein homotetramerization	8	<0.0001
			Regulation of cell death	3	0.0003
			Response to metal ion	2	<0.0001
Molecular function
Calcium ion binding	42	0.0002	Aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD) activity	3	<0.0001
DNA helicase activity	6	<0.0001	Aldehyde dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity	2	<0.0001
Extracellular matrix binding	7	<0.0001	Alpha-L-fucosidase activity	2	<0.0001
Extracellular matrix structural constituent	7	<0.0001	Flavin adenine dinucleotide binding	12	<0.0001
Heparin binding	11	<0.0001	Glutamate-cysteine ligase activity	2	<0.0001
Insulin-like growth factor binding	7	<0.0001	Oxidoreductase activity	44	<0.0001
Platelet-derived growth factor binding	5	<0.0001	Oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors	5	<0.0001
			Oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen	5	0.0003
			Structural molecule activity	16	0.0001
			Superoxide dismutase activity	3	0.0003
			UDP-N-acetylmuramate dehydrogenase activity	4	<0.0001

The values were compared according to fold change.