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. 2014 Feb 27;44(1):68–75. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyu027

Table 3.

Prevalence of selected behavioural risk factors, measured diseases or conditions and self-reported chronic diseases in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health, N = 15 105, 2008–10

Factors
Overall
Men
Women
N % N % N %
Behavioural risk factors
    Excessive drinkinga 1125 7.5 838 12.2 287 3.5
    Binge drinkingb 1993 13.2 1438 20.9 555 6.8
    <recommended daily fruit intake 6413 42.5 3543 51.5 2870 35.0
    <recommended daily vegetable intake 7249 48.1 3747 54.5 3502 42.7
    Low leisure time physical activityc 11456 76.9 4984 73.4 6472 79.9
    Current smoking 1977 13.1 984 14.3 993 12.1
    Former smoking 4533 30.0 2436 35.4 2097 25.5
Measured diseases/conditions
    Obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) 3463 22.9 1426 20.7 2037 24.8
    Overweight (25≤ BMI< 30 kg/m2) 6072 40.2 3113 45.2 2959 36.0
    Hypertensiond 5402 35.8 2760 40.1 2642 32.2
    Pre-hypertensione 3546 23.5 2020 29.4 1526 18.6
    Hypercholesterolaemiaf 9282 61.5 4056 58.9 5226 63.6
    Low HDL-Cg 2712 18.0 1009 14.7 1703 20.7
    Hypertriglyceridaemiah 4704 31.2 2813 40.9 1891 23.0
    Diabetesi 2969 20.0 1603 23.3 1366 16.6
    Impaired fasting glucose, ADAj 7947 52.6 4050 58.8 3897 47.4
    Impaired fasting glucose, WHOk 2887 19.1 1680 24.4 1207 14.7
    Impaired glucose tolerancel 3066 20.3 1456 21.1 1610 20.0
    Elevated hsCRPm 4229 28.0 1565 22.8 2664 32.5
    Elevated UACRn 736 5.0 408 6.1 328 4.1
    Low eGFR (<60 ml/min)o 681 4.6 359 5.3 322 4.0
    Hypothyroidismp 119 0.8 49 0.7 70 0.8
    Chagas disease seropositivity 115 0.8 57 0.8 58 0.7
    Common mental disordersq 4036 26.7 1265 18.4 2771 33.7
        Depression 637 4.2 159 2.3 478 5.8
        Anxiety 2436 16.1 762 11.1 1674 20.4
Self reported chronic diseases
    Coronary heart diseaser 721 4.7 393 5.7 328 4.0
    Heart failure 251 1.7 128 1.9 123 1.5
    Stroke 197 1.3 90 1.3 107 1.3
    Rheumatic fevers 433 2.9 155 2.2 278 3.4
    Chagas disease 64 0.4 31 0.4 33 0.4
    Cancert 695 4.6 284 4.1 411 5.0
    Asthma 1758 11.6 691 10.0 1067 13.0
    COPDu 308 2.0 124 1.8 184 2.2
    Cirrhosis or hepatitis 1303 8.6 608 8.8 695 8.5
    Polycystic ovary syndrome – – – – 903 11.1

Small differences in number of participants for each outcome are due to missing values.

aExcessive drinking defined as >210 g alcohol/week for men and 140 g alcohol/week for women.

bDefined as the consumption of 5 or more doses of alcohol in a period of 2 h at least 2–3 times per month over the past 12 months.6

cObtained with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) – Short Form, and defined according to the IPAC Guidelines for Data Processing and Analysis.7

dDefined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg, or verified treatment with anti-hypertensive medication during the past 2 weeks.

eNon-hypertensive participants with systolic blood pressure 120–139 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure 80–89 mmHg.

f>5.17 mmol/l (200 mg/dl).

gMen <1.03 mmol/l (40 mg/dl); women <1.29 mmol/l (50 mg/dl).

h≥1.69 mmol/l (150 mg/dl).

iDefined as a report of a previous diagnosis of diabetes or the use of medication for diabetes, or meeting a diagnostic value for diabetes according to one of the following tests: fasting or 2-h plasma glucose obtained during a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT); or HbA1C.

jFasting glucose 5.5–6.9 mmol/l (100–125 mg/dl), American Diabetes Association.

kFasting glucose 6.1–6.9 mmol/l (110–125 mg/dl), World Health Organization.

l2-h glucose 7.8–11.0 mmol/l (140–199 mg/dl).

mHigh sensitivity C-reactive protein ≥28.57 nmol/l (3 mg/dl).

nUrine albumin-to-creatinine ratio ≥3.4 mg/mmol (30 mg/g), from validated overnight collection.

oGlomerular filtration rate estimated by Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-Epi), considering Blacks and Browns as Blacks.

pThyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) >4.0 mIU/l and thyroxine (T4) <11.6 pmol/l (0.9 ng/dl).

qDefined as a score ≥12 obtained in the Clinical Interview Schedule-Revised (CIS-R).

rMyocardial infarction, coronary revascularization or a physician diagnosis of angina pectoris.

sRheumatic fever/ rheumatic heart disease.

t14.2% (99) of cancers were non-melanoma skin cancer.

uChronic obstructive pulmonary disease.