Table 2.

Fasting blood chemistries and 24-h urinary catecholamines of the RYGB (n=11) and control (n=5) groups

	Baseline	Post-baseline			Time effect within group	Post-hoc test1
		1.5 mo	6 mo	12 mo
NEFA (mEq/L)					(p-value)
RYGB	0.72 ± 0.26*	0.92 ± 0.23	0.61 ± 0.17	0.49 ± 0.17	0.014	ab, bc
Control	0.60 ± 0.11	0.70 ± 0.21	0.68 ± 0.17	0.70 ± 0.26	0.704
Glucose (mg/dL)
RYGB	102.3 ± 21.4	91.6 ± 7.7	85.9 ± 7.1	86.8 ± 8.5	0.037	ab, ac, ad
Control	95.1 ± 6.0	98.2 ± 11.4	99.0 ± 7.3	98.9 ± 7.1	0.547
Insulin (µu/mL)
RYGB	34.5 ± 24.0	13.1 ± 8.8	12.7 ± 7.1	9.1 ± 5.4	0.006	ab, ac, ad
Control	29.0 ± 10.4	23.1 ± 8.5	21.6 ± 11.6	22.8 ± 13.9	0.472
HOMA
RYGB	8.1 ± 4.8	2.9 ± 1.7	2.6 ± 1.3	1.9 ± 1.1	0.001	ab, ac, ad
Control	6.7 ± 2.1	5.5 ± 1.7	5.2 ± 2.7	5.5 ± 3.3	0.600
Adiponectin (ng/mL)
RYGB	6474 ± 2540	8422 ± 2688	8634 ± 3620	10900 ± 4820	0.002	ab, ac, ad, bd, cd
Control	6873 ± 4331	6686 ± 4229	7088 ± 4936	7690 ± 6502	0.909
Resistin (ng/mL)
RYGB	11.79 ± 2.82	12.11 ± 4.46	12.47 ± 3.03	12.55 ± 3.88	0.931	NS
Control	9.44 ± 3.30	10.49 ± 2.76	10.90 ± 6.16	7.96 ± 2.45	0.714
Leptin (ng/mL)
RYGB	71.0 ± 36.6	42.7 ± 24.5	35.8 ± 21.9	25.4 ± 24.1	0.001	ab, ac, ad
Control	66.2 ± 22.5	52.8 ± 19.1	60.0 ± 25.0	43.0 ± 14.9	0.238
CRP (ng/mL)
RYGB	11360 ± 9801	4546 ± 3455	6945 ± 5986	3160 ± 4795	0.016
Control	6433 ± 5537	6172 ± 3487	7252 ± 3557	5500 ± 4400	0.666
TSH (µIU/mL)
RYGB	3.05 ± 1.36	2.10 ± 0.80	1.47 ± 0.51	1.65 ± 0.94	0.031	ab, ac, ad
Control	1.77 ± 0.97	1.66 ± 0.69	1.77 ± 1.01	1.58 ± 1.21	0.768
Total T3 (ng/dL)
RYGB	115.0 ± 30.7	82.3 ± 23.8	91.5 ± 26.8	77.7 ± 17.9	0.003	ab, ad
Control	111.9 ± 37.2	104.1 ± 32.4	104.7 ± 32.6	97.1 ± 13.5	0.233
Total T4 (µg/dL)
RYGB	7.77 ± 1.65	7.14 ± 1.64	7.82 ± 3.18	7.32 ± 1.23	0.480	NS
Control	6.18 ± 1.49	6.39 ± 0.97	6.20 ± 1.29	6.10 ± 2.47	0.027
Free T3 (pg/mL)
RYGB	3.34 ± 0.49	2.82 ± 0.60	2.72 ± 0.57	2.59 ± 0.51	0.203
Control	3.52 ± 0.70	3.27 ± 1.10	3.08 ± 0.93	3.14 ± 0.44	0.554
Free T4 (ng/dL)
RYGB	1.31 ± 0.18	1.19 ± 0.22	1.29 ± 0.30	1.26 ± 0.25	0.525	NS
Control	1.10 ± 0.18	1.22 ± 0.16	1.15 ± 0.18	1.18 ± 0.43	0.541
Reverse T3 (ng/mL)
RYGB	0.33 ± 0.08	0.34 ± 0.09	0.32 ± 0.08	0.27 ± 0.04	0.120	bd
Control	0.24 ± 0.08	0.27 ± 0.05	0.22 ± 0.06	0.20 ± 0.08	0.026
PYY3–36 (pg/mL)
RYGB	105.2 ± 24.6	68.1 ± 20.8	89.5 ± 14.5	77.8 ± 28.4	0.001	ab, ad, bc
Control	77.0 ± 23.5	58.4 ± 22.4	72.1 ± 32.6	84.2 ± 17.0	0.240
GLP1 (pM)
RYGB	16.1 ± 6.0	17.2 ± 10.3	15.6 ± 8.1	13.0 ± 6.6	0.903
Control	13.1 ± 3.7	13.5 ± 7.2	8.6 ± 4.8	15.8 ± 10.1	0.365
GLP2 (ng/mL)
RYGB	8.63 ± 1.83	5.38 ± 2.07	5.97 ± 0.65	6.23 ± 1.87	0.001	ab, ac
Control	5.58 ± 2.35	5.33 ± 2.03	6.64 ± 1.45	6.25 ± 2.55	0.341
Urinary NE (nmol/d)
RYGB	326 ± 166	232 ± 168	250 ± 92	205 ± 91	0.014
Control	296 ± 62	218 ± 86	300 ± 175	311 ± 105	0.632
Urinary E (nmol/d)
RYGB	49.1 ± 14.8	42.5 ± 41.5	53.0 ± 19.1	43.3 ± 14.1	0.604
Control	47.3 ± 9.1	48.2 ± 17.2	45.7 ± 32.1	57.8 ± 29.1	0.643

^*Data are shown as mean ± SD. Models adjusted for age and sex; significant group X time interactions for all parameters (p=0.001–0.05)

¹Post-hoc estimation using Tukey-Kramer for multiple comparisons with p<0.05; letters refer to statistically significant differences between time points baseline (a),1.5 months (b), 6 months (c) and 12 months (d).

NEFA, nonesterified fatty acids; HOMA, homeostatic model assessment; CRP, C-reactive protein; TSH, thyroid stimulating hormone; T3, triiodothyronine; T4, thyroxine; PYY3–36, peptide YY3–36; GLP1, glucagon-like peptide-1; GLP2, glucagon-like peptide-2; NE, norepinephrine; E, epinephrine.