Table 3.
Energy expenditure, heart rate and physical activity during 24-h calorimetry of the RYGB (n=11) and control (n=5) groups
| Baseline | Post-baseline | Time effect within group |
Post-hoc test1 |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.5 mo | 6 mo | 12 mo | ||||
| TEE (kcal/d) | (p-value) | |||||
| RYGB | 3189 ± 358* | 2421 ± 243 | 2363 ± 256 | 2323 ± 294 | 0.001 | ab, ac, ad |
| Control | 3110 ± 512 | 2859 ± 374 | 2927 ± 421 | 2887 ± 575 | 0.072 | |
| PAL | ||||||
| RYGB | 1.39 ± 0.07 | 1.30 ± 0.12 | 1.32 ± 0.08 | 1.24 ± 0.12 | 0.001 | ab, ad, cd |
| Control | 1.36 ± 0.07 | 1.29 ± 0.07 | 1.27 ± 0.11 | 1.27 ± 0.07 | 0.212 | |
| AEE (kcal/d) | ||||||
| RYGB | 535 ± 111 | 306 ± 115 | 309 ± 130 | 257 ± 118 | 0.001 | ab, ac, ad |
| Control | 495 ± 183 | 332 ± 133 | 304 ± 221 | 303 ± 132 | 0.160 | |
| HR (bpm) | ||||||
| RYGB | 85.8 ± 6.1 | 71.6 ± 9.5 | 72.6 ± 3.6 | 70.5 ± 7.6 | 0.002 | ab, ac, ad |
| Control | 84.0 ± 11.6 | 79.3 ± 12.7 | 80.1 ± 9.4 | 77.5 ± 13.1 | 0.484 | |
| Actiheart (counts/d) | ||||||
| RYGB | 24202 ± 4082 | 20619 ± 8099 | 22716 ± 7356 | 19839 ± 5419 | 0.326 | NS |
| Control | 29088 ± 8200 | 27650 ± 5211 | 27187 ± 13405 | 22836 ± 13178 | 0.977 | |
| BMR (kcal/d) | ||||||
| RYGB | 2335 ± 374 | 1909 ± 333 | 1818 ± 189 | 1877 ± 305 | 0.001 | ab, ac, ad |
| Control | 2304 ± 319 | 2241 ± 329 | 2331 ± 321 | 2296 ± 450 | 0.150 | |
| BMR HR (bpm) | ||||||
| RYGB | 76.6 ± 7.7 | 64.4 ± 10.3 | 62.5 ± 5.0 | 64.9 ± 6.7 | 0.001 | ab, ac, ad |
| Control | 73.9 ± 8.1 | 75.6 ± 8.5 | 72.3 ± 10.5 | 71.7 ± 13.0 | 0.874 | |
| Sleep EE (kcal/min) | ||||||
| RYGB | 1.57 ± 0.21 | 1.19 ± 0.18 | 1.17 ± 0.13 | 1.20 ± 0.16 | <0.0001 | ab, ac, ad |
| Control | 1.52 ± 0.22 | 1.41 ± 0.20 | 1.51 ± 0.17 | 1.49 ± 0.24 | 0.085 | |
| Sleep HR (bpm) | ||||||
| RYGB | 75.7 ± 7.3 | 62.0 ± 10.2 | 61.0 ± 4.6 | 63.8 ± 7.0 | 0.002 | ab, ac |
| Control | 72.2 ± 10.8 | 71.0 ± 13.4 | 72.5 ± 9.6 | 69.8 ± 12.6 | 0.816 | |
| Walking EE at 2.5 mph (kcal/min) | ||||||
| RYGB | 9.2 ± 2.2 | 6.6 ± 0.8 | 6.1 ± 1.8 | 5.7 ± 1.3 | <0.0001 | ab, ac, ad |
| Control | 8.7 ± 1.1 | 8.2 ± 1.0 | 7.7 ± 1.2 | 9.0 ± 2.0 | 0.597 | |
| Walking HR at 2.5 mph (bpm) | ||||||
| RYGB | 143 ± 14.0 | 128 ± 12.3 | 121 ± 9.7 | 112 ± 11.1 | 0.003 | ab, ac, ad |
| Control | 146 ± 7.0 | 135 ± 14.3 | 124 ± 8.6 | 141 ± 7.7 | 0.019 | ac |
| Energy economy of walking (kcal·kg−1·km−1) | ||||||
| RYGB | 0.013 ± 0.002 | 0.010 ± 0.001 | 0.010 ± 0.001 | 0.010 ± 0.001 | 0.001 | ab, ad |
| Control | 0.013 ± 0.003 | 0.013 ± 0.002 | 0.012 ± 0.002 | 0.012 ± 0.002 | 0.847 | |
*
Data are shown as mean ± SD. Models adjusted for age and sex; significant group X time interactions for all parameters (p=0.001–0.01)
1
Post-hoc estimation using Tukey-Kramer for multiple comparisons with p<0.05; letters refer to statistically significant differences between time points baseline (a),1.5 months (b), 6 months (c) and 12 months (d).
TEE, total energy expenditure; PAL, physical activity level; AEE, activity energy expenditure; HR, heart rate; BMR, basal metabolic rate.