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. 2014 Oct 16;10(2):413–420. doi: 10.1021/cb500616x

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Evolution of P. falciparum GNF-Pf4492-resistant parasite lines. (a) Chemical structure of GNF-Pf4492, a representative compound from the aminopyrazole series. (b) In vitro drug sensitivities of the clonal GNF-Pf4492 evolved resistant lines and the Dd2EF1 parent to GNF-Pf4492 were determined using a SYBR Green I-based cell proliferation assay. Bars represent mean IC50 from a minimum of 3 experiments conducted in duplicate. Error bars = 95% confidence interval. (c) IC50 fold change in transgenic parasite lines harboring additional wild-type pfatp4 copies (PbEF1α-wt and Pfcam-wt) or mutated pfatp4 (PbEF1α-I398F/P990R, Pfcam-I398F/P990R or Pfcam-A211T) under the control of the P. berghei EF1α promoter or the stronger P. falciparum camodulin promoter compared to Dd2attB (contains only the isogenic recombination site). Significance values were determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparison post-test to test for a difference in mean log(IC50) value between each strain and the parent: ****p < 0.0001; ***p < 0.001; **p < 0.01.