FIG. 1.

High-fat dietary restriction (HFDR) reduces body weight, adipose tissue volume, energy expenditure, and hepatic major urinary proteins (Mup) levels. Body weight development of HFDR and ad libitum–fed (AL) mice (A). Energy expenditure (B) and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) (C) assessed by indirect calorimetry of DR compared to AL mice after 4 months of intervention. Adipose tissue volume was assessed using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) after 4 months of intervention. Two images representative for the differences in adipose tissue volume fraction observed are shown (D). Subcutaneous fat is illustrated as dark and visceral fat as light gray area. Group means of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) volumes are shown (E). Hepatic Mup protein levels in DR and AL mice were determined by western blotting, and a representative blot is shown (F). Mup protein bands were analyzed densitometrically, and values were related to the total protein fluorescence signal on the blotting membrane. All values are means±standard error of the mean (SEM) (six animals per group for body weight and Mup protein level, three animals per group for micro-CT, EE, and RER analyses). (*) Significant difference (p<0.05 by t-test) between AL and DR mice. VCO₂, volume of CO₂ production; VO₂, volume of O₂ consumption. Color images available online at www.liebertpub.com/rej