Fig 1. Design of the enclosure experiment.

Panel A shows the “open” enclosure treatment, which allowed avian predators to enter and exit freely, and panel B shows the “closed” enclosure treatment, which excluded avian predators with chicken wire. The top half of panel C shows color-manipulated H. maculata (with the substrate-matched paint treatment on the left and substrate-mismatched paint treatment on the right), and the bottom half shows the corresponding naturally occurring color phenotypes (with the White Sands phenotype on the left and dark soils phenotype on the right) (photograph courtesy of S. Des Roches). Panel D shows a substrate-matched lizard (left) and a substrate-mismatched lizard (right) after release into an enclosure.