Figure 4. Effects of Fe₂O₃@DMSA NPs on cardiomyocytes under a hypoxia and reoxygenation (HR) condition.

(a), Cardiomyocytes were exposed to hypoxia (95% N₂ and 5% CO₂) for 6 h followed by 6 h of reoxygenation (95% O₂ and 5% CO₂) (HR) and effects of Fe₂O₃@DMSA NPs on cell viability, generation of SOD, MDA and ROS (a), on LDH, LD and ATP (b), and on generation of NO, NOS and S-NO were measured (c). Confocal images of intracellular calcium signal of cardiomyocytes of control, HR and HR + Fe₂O₃@DMSA NPs (0.1 mg ml⁻¹) group (d). The fluorescent intensity (FI), which indicates intracellular Ca2⁺ concentration, was quantified (e). * p < 0.05 vs the IR group; ** p < 0.01 vs the IR group; ^## p < 0.01 vs the control group; n = 6.