| Symmetry | X ╨ Y|Z ⇒ Y ╨ X|Z. |
| Decomposition: | X ╨ (W, Y)|Z ⇒ X ╨ Y|Z. |
| Weak Union: | X ╨ (W, Y)|Z ⇒ X ╨ W|(Y, Z). |
| Contraction: | X ╨ Y|Z and X ╨ W|(Y, Z) ⇒ X ╨ (W, Y)|Z. |
| Intersection: | X ╨ W|(Y, Z) and X ╨Y|(W, Z) ⇒ X ╨ (W, Y)|Z. |
| Redundancy: | X ╨ Y|X. |
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