Table 2. Number and percent reporting CLS-D according to baseline characteristics and gender/sexuality.
| TOTAL n=4601 | MSM n=2559 | Heterosexual men n=803 | Women n=1239 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||||
| n (%) | n | n (%) CLS-D | p-value | n | n (%) CLS-D | p-value | n | n (%) CLS-D | p-value | |
|
| ||||||||||
| Age group (years) | ||||||||||
| <30 | 1296 (28.2) | 881 | 208 (23.6) | <0.001 | 131 | 15 (11.5) | 0.16 | 284 | 56 (19.7) | <0.001 |
| 30-39 | 1562 (33.9) | 860 | 174 (20.2) | trend | 271 | 27 (10.0) | trend | 431 | 74 (17.2) | trend |
| 40-49 | 1196 (26.0) | 609 | 102 (16.7) | 256 | 25 (9.8) | 331 | 34 (10.3) | |||
| ≥50 | 547 (11.9) | 209 | 29 (13.9) | 145 | 9 (6.2) | 193 | 14 (7.3) | |||
|
| ||||||||||
| Race: | ||||||||||
| White | 2052 (44.6) | 1596 | 284 (17.8) | <0.001 | 267 | 18 (6.7) | 0.052 | 189 | 22 (11.6) | 0.005 |
| Black | 1401 (30.4) | 249 | 58 (23.3) | 366 | 44 (12.0) | 786 | 127 (16.2) | |||
| Hispanic | 602 (13.1) | 450 | 114 (25.3) | 60 | 6 (10.0) | 92 | 14 (15.2) | |||
| Asian | 386 (8.4) | 171 | 30 (17.5) | 78 | 3 (3.9) | 137 | 7 (5.1) | |||
| Other | 160 (3.5) | 93 | 27 (29.0) | 32 | 5 (15.6) | 35 | 8 (22.9) | |||
|
| ||||||||||
| Region: | ||||||||||
| Europe/Israel | 1518 (33.0) | 1173 | 177 (15.1) | <0.001 | 207 | 6 (2.9) | <0.001 | 138 | 14 (10.1) | 0.009 |
| North America | 496 (10.8) | 307 | 64 (20.8) | 83 | 6 (7.2) | 106 | 17 (16.0) | |||
| South America/Mexico | 1135 (24.7) | 813 | 231 (28.4) | 152 | 24 (15.8) | 170 | 31 (18.2) | |||
| Asia | 354 (7.7) | 148 | 24 (16.2) | 72 | 4 (5.6) | 134 | 7 (5.2) | |||
| Africa | 994 (21.6) | 24 | 3 (12.5) | 283 | 36 (12.7) | 687 | 109 (15.9) | |||
| Australia | 104 (2.3) | 94 | 14 (14.9) | 6 | 0 | 4 | 0 | |||
|
| ||||||||||
| Year of randomisation | ||||||||||
| 2009-2010 | 979 (21.3) | 672 | 117 (17.4) | 0.093 | 151 | 9 (6.0) | 0.13 | 156 | 22 (14.0) | 0.64 |
| 2011 | 873 (19.0) | 590 | 135 (22.9) | trend | 128 | 11 (8.6) | trend | 155 | 17 (11.0) | trend |
| 2012 | 1531 (33.3) | 765 | 136 (17.8) | 279 | 31 (11.1) | 487 | 76 (15.6) | |||
| 2013 | 1218 (26.5) | 532 | 125 (23.5) | 245 | 25 (10.2) | 441 | 63 (14.3) | |||
|
| ||||||||||
| Education: | ||||||||||
| Less than high school | 1381 (30.0) | 269 | 55 (20.4) | 0.82 | 353 | 41 (11.6) | 0.013 | 759 | 106 (14.0) | 0.41 |
| High school/A-level equivalent | 994 (21.6) | 546 | 100 (18.3) | trend | 195 | 18 (9.2) | trend | 253 | 35 (13.8) | trend |
| Vocational training/some college | 1187 (25.8) | 882 | 197 (22.3) | 143 | 14 (9.8) | 162 | 26 (16.1) | |||
| University degree or higher | 1039 (22.6) | 862 | 161 (18.7) | 112 | 3 (2.7) | 65 | 11 (16.9) | |||
|
| ||||||||||
| Time since HIV diagnosis: | ||||||||||
| <3 months | 810 (17.6) | 499 | 180 (36.1) | <0.001 | 124 | 21 (16.9) | 0.004 | 187 | 38 (20.3) | 0.001 |
| 3-6 months | 710 (15.4) | 476 | 90 (18.9) | trend | 100 | 12 (12.0) | trend | 134 | 19 (14.2) | trend |
| 6 months - 2 years | 1508 (32.8) | 886 | 135 (15.2) | 261 | 17 (6.5) | 361 | 56 (15.5) | |||
| 2-5 years | 923 (20.1) | 468 | 77 (16.5) | 174 | 18 (10.3) | 281 | 42 (15.0) | |||
| ≥5 years | 650 (14.1) | 230 | 31 (13.5) | 144 | 8 (5.6) | 276 | 23 (8.3) | |||
|
| ||||||||||
| Baseline CD4 cell count (cells/μL): | ||||||||||
| 500-599 | 1450 (31.5) | 862 | 167 (19.4) | 0.045 | 241 | 21 (8.7) | 0.40 | 347 | 43 (12.4) | 0.51 |
| 600-699 | 1436 (31.2) | 846 | 148 (17.5) | trend | 235 | 20 (8.5) | trend | 355 | 58 (16.3) | trend |
| ≥700 | 1715 (37.3) | 851 | 198 (23.3) | 327 | 35 (10.7) | 537 | 77 (14.3) | |||
|
| ||||||||||
| Baseline VL (log10 copies/mL): | ||||||||||
| <3 | 591 (12.9) | 190 | 33 (17.4) | 0.76 | 121 | 9 (7.4) | 0.40 | 280 | 37 (13.2) | 0.88 |
| 3-3.9 | 1467 (31.9) | 766 | 172 (22.5) | trend | 247 | 24 (9.7) | trend | 454 | 66 (14.5) | trend |
| 4-4.9 | 2058 (44.8) | 1279 | 241 (18.8) | 349 | 33 (9.5) | 430 | 69 (16.1) | |||
| ≥5 | 477 (10.4) | 319 | 67 (21.0) | 86 | 10 (11.6) | 72 | 6 (8.3) | |||
|
| ||||||||||
| Current smoker: | ||||||||||
| No | 3147 (68.4) | 1571 | 324 (20.6) | 0.36 | 510 | 50 (9.8) | 0.66 | 1066 | 146 (13.7) | 0.095 |
| Yes | 1454 (31.6) | 988 | 189 (19.1) | 293 | 26 (8.9) | 173 | 32 (18.5) | |||
|
| ||||||||||
| Usual alcohol intake (number of drinks)* | ||||||||||
| 0 | 1248 (27.1) | 365 | 69 (18.9) | 251 | 30 (12.0) | 632 | 78 (12.3) | |||
| 1 | 830 (18.0) | 524 | 97 (18.5) | 0.095 | 130 | 8 (6.2) | 0.42 | 176 | 25 (14.2) | <0.001 |
| 2-4 | 1704 (37.0) | 1192 | 237 (19.9) | trend$ | 266 | 25 (9.4) | trend$ | 246 | 49 (19.9) | trend$ |
| ≥5 | 554 (12.0) | 384 | 91 (23.7) | 106 | 10 (9.4) | 64 | 19 (29.7) | |||
| Missing | 265 (5.8) | 94 | 19 (20.2) | 50 | 3 (6.0) | 121 | 7 (5.8) | |||
|
| ||||||||||
| Days per week used recreational drugs in past month$ | ||||||||||
| None | 3855 (83.8) | 2064 | 386 (18.7) | <0.001 | 701 | 63 (9.0) | 0.103 | 1090 | 16 (14.9) | 0.005 |
| <1 day per week | 335 (7.3) | 298 | 78 (26.2) | trend$ | 24 | 3 (12.5) | trend$ | 13 | 5 (38.5) | trend$ |
| ≥1 days per week | 111 (2.4) | 79 | 23 (29.1) | 21 | 4 (19.1) | 11 | 4 (36.4) | |||
| Missing | 300 (6.5) | 118 | 26 (22.0) | 57 | 6 (10.5) | 125 | 7 (5.6) | |||
|
| ||||||||||
| Transmission beliefs - believes someone with undetectable VL cannot or much less likely to pass on HIV# (N=3902) | ||||||||||
| Yes | 1362 (34.9) | 801 | 151 (18.9) | 0.048 | 210 | 18 (8.6) | 0.34 | 351 | 48 (13.7) | 0.79 |
| No | 2540 (65.1) | 1327 | 298 (22.5) | 464 | 51 (11.0) | 749 | 107 (14.3) | |||
*
“When you drink alcohol, how many drinks do you normally have?”
$
Includes amphetamines, methamphetamines, MDMA, powder or crack cocaine, ketamine, and opiates.
$
Trend across categories, excluding missing category.
#
Question not asked of 566 participants who did not receive version 2 of transmission risk behaviour questionnaire, missing values for further 133 participants.
CLS-D= condomless sex with one or more serodifferent partners; VL=viral load; MSM=men who have sex with men.