Shown for an awake goat are inspiratory flow (Flow) and raw diaphragm, (DIA) and abdominal (ABD) muscle activities (A) before, (B) 1h after, and (C) 3 h after 1 µl (upper panel) and 10 µl (bottom panel) IA injections into the preBötC. The time bar shown at the bottom applies to all traces. Note that both injections initially increased breathing frequency, but eventually both injections caused a highly irregular breathing. Note also the regular but reduced flow before the 10 µl injection indicating that the goat had recovered from the previous injections, which had chronically reduced breathing frequency.