Table 2.
Axillary Recurrence Rate Without an ALND
| Author (year) | Micromets | ITC or IHC |
Axillary recurrence rate |
Systemic therapy received |
Radiation therapy | F/U Time | Reason for no ALND |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fant (2003) [25] | 27 | 0 | All | Breast or chest wall | 30 mo median | ACOSOG trial/patient refusal | |
| Guenther (2003) [26] | 16 | 23 | 0 | Per medical oncology | Breast | 32 mo | Pt refusal or co-morbidities |
| Fan (2004) [17] | 27 | 1 (3.7%) | Most without | 34.7 mo | Pt refusal | ||
| Calhoun (2005) [19] | 17 | 0 | 88% | 80.5 mo | Pt refusal | ||
| Chagpar (2005) [27] | 12 | 2 | 0 | 5-chemo | 40.2 mo | Found on re-staging SLN with IHC | |
| Haid (2006) [28] | 6 | 2 | 0 | ” | Pt refusal | ||
| Hwang (2007) [13] | 90 | 67 | 0 | 55% chemo, 27% hormonal only | 30% "Comprehensive" RT | 29.5 mo | ACOSOG trial / patient preference |
| Van Deurzen (2007) [21] | 6 | 17 | 0 | 12.5 mo | Unknown | ||
| Cox(2008) [14] | 25 | 44 | 1(2.29%) in ITC group | 48% chemo if N1mi, 42% if ITC | 20 mo | ||
| Zakaria (2008) [29] | 69 | 0 | 87% ER+ hormonal and 53% chemo recommended | 40% no dal fields along with breast 12% with mastectomy | 30 mo | Judged low risk for +NSLN | |
| Bilimoria (2009) [12] | 802 | 16(0.4%) | 64 mo | Unknown | |||
| Bulte (2009) [30] | 20 | 0 | Individually assessed | 46 mo | Not given | ||
| Reed (2009) [16] | 16 | 12 | 0 | 78% chemo if N1mi, 88% if ITC | 58 mo | ||
| Pugliese (2010) [15] | 76 | 0 | 63% chemo, 89% hormonal | 4.6% axillary | 76 mo | Older, ER+, lower MSKCC nomogram score | |
| Langer (2009) [31] | 27 | 0 | Same as for N0-88% systemic | No axillary | 77 mo | Prospective decision | |
| Pernas (2009) [32] | 35 | 0 | N1mi same as N1 | No axillary | 60 mo | Prospective decision |
ALND: axillary lymph node dissection; ITC: isolated tumor cells; IHC: immunohistochemistry; F/U: follow-up; NSLN: non-sentinel lymph nodes; MSKCC: Memorial Sloan-Kettering cancer center.