Table 2.

Exact wording of the new DSM-5 items integrated into the PSS-I (Foa & Tolin, 2000)

Item	Wording
C2	Have you persistently been making efforts to avoid objects, situations or conversations that arouse distressing memories, thoughts or feelings about, or that are closely associated with the traumatic event?
D2	Have you had strong negative beliefs or expectations about yourself, others, or the world? (e.g., “I am bad,” “No one can be trusted,” “The world is completely dangerous”, “My whole nervous system is permanently ruined”)
D3	Have you blamed yourself or others about the traumatic event, its cause or consequences? (do not include the aggressor)
D4	Have you had any strong negative feelings (e.g., fear, horror, anger, guilt, or shame)?
D7	Have you felt difficulty to experience positive feelings? (e.g., unable to have loving or happy feelings)
E1	Have you shown irritable or aggressive behavior? (expressed verbally or physically towards people or objects)
E2	Have you shown reckless or self-destructive behavior (doing things that might have caused you harm)?