Table 5.
Independent variables in each Mexican state: frequencies and analyses of normal distribution
| State | Abortion legislation | Constitutional amendment | Clean water | Sanitation | TFR | Contraceptive use | Skilled attendance at birth | Low birth weight | Female literacy | All-abortion hospitalisation ratio | Intimate-partner violence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aguascalientes | 1 | 0 | 98.0 | 97.8 | 2.6 | 71.7 | 97.5 | 6.6 | 95.9 | 10.8 | 12.0 |
| Baja California | 1 | 1 | 95.3 | 93.7 | 2.1 | 78.8 | 75.7 | 6.9 | 96.0 | 9.2 | 11.7 |
| Baja California Sur | 0 | 0 | 88.1 | 94.2 | 2.0 | 75.9 | 99.5 | 6.0 | 95.8 | 10.6 | 16.3 |
| Campeche | 1 | 0 | 85.0 | 85.7 | 2.2 | 73.9 | 98.2 | 7.2 | 89.7 | 7.8 | 10.7 |
| Coahuila | 0 | 0 | 96.8 | 95.6 | 2.3 | 75.2 | 89.6 | 8.0 | 96.5 | 8.0 | 14.3 |
| Colima | 0 | 1 | 97.3 | 98.7 | 2.3 | 78.3 | 96.4 | 5.4 | 94.2 | 17.4 | 11.0 |
| Chiapas | 0 | 1 | 73.8 | 80.4 | 2.8 | 54.9 | 90.2 | 8.6 | 77.5 | 5.1 | 7.0 |
| Chihuahua | 1 | 1 | 94.9 | 93.2 | 2.4 | 78.9 | 82.2 | 7.6 | 95.3 | 6.2 | 12.1 |
| Distrito Federal | 0 | 0 | 97.5 | 99.2 | 1.8 | 79.6 | 94.3 | 14.0 | 96.3 | 14.2 | 20.9 |
| Durango | 1 | 1 | 92.9 | 88.3 | 2.4 | 73.2 | 93.3 | 8.0 | 95.5 | 8.2 | 10.2 |
| Guanajuato | 1 | 1 | 91.9 | 89.3 | 2.4 | 68.3 | 90.1 | 8.9 | 90.1 | 7.0 | 6.4 |
| Guerrero | 0 | 0 | 62.0 | 71.7 | 2.8 | 61.4 | 80.8 | 9.3 | 79.8 | 3.2 | 8.3 |
| Hidalgo | 0 | 0 | 87.2 | 83.4 | 2.4 | 70.9 | 89.7 | 8.5 | 87.2 | 6.2 | 8.6 |
| Jalisco | 1 | 1 | 94.6 | 96.9 | 2.4 | 71.4 | 93.5 | 9.0 | 94.8 | 7.4 | 10.0 |
| México | 0 | 0 | 92.2 | 92.0 | 2.2 | 76.5 | 84.7 | 10.9 | 93.6 | 4.4 | 11.9 |
| Michoacán | 1 | 0 | 88.1 | 85.4 | 2.4 | 63.2 | 92.1 | 8.6 | 88.4 | 6.1 | 9.1 |
| Morelos | 0 | 1 | 87.6 | 92.4 | 2.2 | 75.4 | 91.7 | 10.5 | 91.8 | 8.8 | 9.7 |
| Nayarit | 1 | 1 | 88.3 | 93.5 | 2.3 | 78.7 | 81.8 | 6.8 | 92.9 | 7.4 | 14.8 |
| Nuevo León | 1 | 0 | 96.9 | 97.2 | 2.1 | 79.2 | 96.6 | 8.6 | 95.8 | 6.5 | 13.1 |
| Oaxaca | 0 | 1 | 69.8 | 69.6 | 2.6 | 63.4 | 95.0 | 7.8 | 79.4 | 3.7 | 6.3 |
| Puebla | 0 | 1 | 83.8 | 84.9 | 2.6 | 69.8 | 90.8 | 9.6 | 86.8 | 4.0 | 8.6 |
| Querétaro | 1 | 1 | 91.9 | 91.0 | 2.3 | 70.3 | 97.6 | 9.2 | 91.7 | 9.1 | 11.6 |
| Quintana Roo | 0 | 1 | 91.7 | 94.0 | 2.1 | 73.4 | 91.5 | 8.3 | 92.4 | 9.7 | 10.7 |
| San Luis Potosí | 1 | 1 | 83.1 | 80.5 | 2.5 | 67.4 | 91.7 | 8.1 | 90.5 | 6.6 | 10.5 |
| Sinaloa | 1 | 0 | 90.3 | 90.9 | 2.3 | 79.8 | 93.4 | 6.1 | 94.7 | 8.1 | 15.0 |
| Sonora | 1 | 1 | 94.4 | 90.0 | 2.4 | 79.9 | 94.6 | 6.2 | 96.3 | 8.7 | 15.4 |
| Tabasco | 1 | 0 | 73.8 | 91.7 | 2.3 | 66.3 | 82.4 | 8.4 | 90.9 | 7.2 | 9.6 |
| Tamaulipas | 1 | 1 | 95.1 | 88.1 | 2.3 | 73.2 | 99.0 | 7.4 | 94.2 | 10.0 | 14.9 |
| Tlaxcala | 1 | 0 | 95.6 | 92.8 | 2.4 | 65.2 | 98.2 | 10.1 | 92.8 | 7.6 | 9.3 |
| Veracruz | 0 | 0 | 76.3 | 80.2 | 2.2 | 73.9 | 97.8 | 7.1 | 86.1 | 4.8 | 10.9 |
| Yucatán | 0 | 1 | 94.4 | 80.1 | 2.3 | 74.9 | 97.5 | 10.7 | 88.6 | 7.2 | 11.5 |
| Zacatecas | 1 | 0 | 91.7 | 89.0 | 2.5 | 70.2 | 89.1 | 8.6 | 93.6 | 8.3 | 8.2 |
| p Value* | † | † | 0.189 | 0.624 | 0.311 | 0.730 | 0.534 | 0.666 | 0.399 | 0.394 | 0.505 |
Abortion legislation: states classified as less permissive (1) or more permissive (0), according to the presence of an exemption from criminal prosecution of abortion in cases of genetic or congenital malformation. Constitutional amendment: states classified as exhibiting (1) or not (0) an amendment to their political constitution protecting the unborn from conception during 2011. Clean water: percentage of in-use private dwellings with clean water availability during 2010. Sanitation: percentage of in-use private dwellings with availability of sewer drainage during 2010. TFR: average total fertility rate between 2002 and 2011. Contraceptive use: percentage of married or in-union women of 15 and above using contraceptive methods during 2009. Skilled attendance at birth: percentage of observed live births delivered by a physician, nurse or midwife during 2010. Low birth weight: percentage of observed live births with low birth weight in each state during 2010. Female literacy: percentage of the female population of ages 15 and above who can understand, read and write a short, simple statement on their everyday life during 2010. All-abortion hospitalisation ratio: ratio of all-abortion related hospitalisations over observed live births between 2000 and 2008 per 100 live births. Intimate-partner violence: percentage of married or in-union women of ages 15 and above who have suffered severe intimate partner violence over the past 12 months during 2010.
*Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for normal distribution.
†Not applicable.