Table 1.
Staging systems for hepatocellular carcinoma
| Classification | Year | Background |
Variables |
||
| Tumor status | Liver function | Health status | |||
| Okuda staging | 1985 | 850 Japanese patients | 50% liver involvement | Ascites, bilirubin, albumin | - |
| BCLC staging | 1999 | Selected papers | Size, number, vascular invasion, Okuda stage | Child-Pugh, bilirubin, porta hypertension | Performance status |
| CLIP score | 2000 | 435 Italian patients | 50% liver involvement, vascular invasion, AFP | Child-Pugh | - |
| CUPI | 2002 | 926 Chinese patients | TNM, AFP | Bilirubin, albumin, alkaline phosphatase | Presence of symptoms |
| JIS score | 2003 | 3334 Japanese patients | TNM (Japanese) | Child-Pugh | - |
| m-JIS score | 2006 | 42269 Japanese patients | TNM (Japanese) | Liver damage | - |
| Tokyo score | 2005 | 403 Japanese patients | Size, number | Bilirubin, albumin | - |
BCLC: Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer; CLIP: Cancer of the liver Italian Program; CUPI: Chinese University Prognostic Index; JIS: Japan Integrated Staging; m-JIS: Modified Japan Integrated Staging; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein. Revise from ref. [22].