Table 1.
Demographics at baseline*
| n = 69,652 |
|||
|---|---|---|---|
| ICS (n = 63,998) | ICS/LABA (n = 3,457) | LTRA (n = 2,197) | |
| HMO | |||
| HPHC | 2% (1,384) | 11% (381) | 4% (83) |
| HP | 3% (1,719) | 17% (583) | 10% (223) |
| KPNC | 74% (47,120) | 49% (1,692) | 65% (1,426) |
| KPNW | 14% (9,111) | 14% (501) | 12% (253) |
| KPGA | 7% (4,664) | 9% (300) | 10% (212) |
| Race | |||
| Asian | 9% (5,460) | 5% (182) | 7% (153) |
| Black | 11% (6,792) | 11% (371) | 9% (208) |
| Latino | 15% (9,622) | 8% (273) | 11% (250) |
| White | 48% (30,616) | 60% (2,065) | 52% (1,150) |
| Missing | 18% (11,508) | 16% (566) | 20% (436) |
| Sex | |||
| Female | 57% (36,685) | 63% (2,172) | 59% (1,296) |
| Age on prescription date | |||
| 0–12 yr | 28% (17,914) | 3% (103) | 29% (642) |
| 13–17 yr | 7% (4,476) | 4% (134) | 8% (177) |
| 18–35 yr | 13% (8,258) | 13% (461) | 16% (343) |
| 36–64 yr | 39% (24,765) | 54% (1,874) | 38% (844) |
| 65+ ερ | 13% (8,585) | 26% (885) | 9% (191) |
| Charlson score ≥1 | 17% (10,712) | 31% (1,087) | 11% (236) |
| History of allergic rhinitis† | 13% (8,538) | 16% (559) | 32% (701) |
| History of acute respiratory illness† | 50% (32,035) | 50% (1,714) | 54% (1,177) |
| History of gastroesophageal reflux disease† | 10% (6,439) | 19% (655) | 10% (219) |
| History of hospitalization† | 4% (2,705) | 9% (299) | 4% (83) |
| History of ED visit† | 12% (7,909) | 13% (456) | 11% (235) |
| History of OCS use† | 94% (60,259) | 94% (3,245) | 95% (2,093) |
| Number of prescriptions for SABA† | |||
| 0 | 17% (11,001) | 26% (901) | 32% (704) |
| 1–5 | 80% (51,038) | 64% (2,227) | 64% (1,415) |
| 6+ | 3% (1,959) | 10% (329) | 4% (78) |
Definition of abbreviations: ED = emergency department; HMO = health maintenance organization; HPHC = Harvard Pilgrim Health Care; HP = HealthPartners; ICS = inhaled corticosteroid; ICS/LABA = inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β-agonist; KPGA = Kaiser Permanente Georgia; KPNC = Kaiser Permanente Northern California; KPNW = Kaiser Permanente Northwest; LTRA = leukotriene antagonist; OCS = oral corticosteroid; SABA = short-acting β-agonist.
*
Index date is date of prescription.
†
In previous 365 days.