Table 4.

Predictors influencing primary adherence and adjusted proportion of days covered^*

	Primary Adherence	Adjusted PDC > 75%
LTRA vs. ICS	0.82 (0.73–0.92)	6.29 (5.43–7.25)
ICS/LABA vs. ICS	0.88 (0.80–0.97)	2.18 (1.88–2.54)
Race
Black vs. white	0.77 (0.71–0.83)	0.57 (0.48–0.67)
Latino vs. white	0.86 (0.81–0.92)	0.61 (0.52–0.71)
Asian vs. white	1.14 (1.04–1.25)	0.84 (0.71–0.99)
Female vs. male	0.99 (0.95–1.04)	0.88 (0.81–0.97))
Age
0–12 yr vs. ≥65 yr	0.99 (0.90–1.08)	0.89 (0.76–1.05)
13–17 yr vs. ≥65 yr	0.85 (0.75–0.95)	0.24 (0.18–0.33)
18–35 yr vs. ≥65 yr	0.77 (0.70–0.84)	0.24 (0.19–0.30)
36–64 yr vs. ≥65 yr	1.00 (0.93–1.07)	0.61 (0.54–0.69)
History of hospitalization†	1.24 (1.11–1.39)	1.55 (1.31–1.83)
History of ED visit†	0.91 (0.84–0.98)	1.29 (1.12–1.47)
History of OCS†	1.56 (1.41–1.73)	1.13 (0.92–1.39)

Definition of abbreviations: ED = emergency department; ICS = inhaled corticosteroids; ICS/LABA = inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β-agonists; LTRA = leukotriene antagonist; OCS = oral corticosteroid; PDC = proportion of days covered.

^*All models controlled for age, sex, race, asthma-related ED visits, hospitalizations, and outpatient visits in the 365 days prior; and dispensings of oral corticosteroids or short-acting β-agonists in the 365 days prior. We evaluated the following predictor variables: modified Charlson Comorbidity Index, number of medications in the prior 365 days (counted by generic names), history of allergic rhinitis, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and acute respiratory infection.

^†In the previous 365 days.